WoRMS taxon details
Plaxiphora aurata (Spalowsky, 1795)
817223 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:817223)
accepted
Species
Chaetopleura ahnni Rochebrune, 1884 · unaccepted (junior subjective synonym)
Chaetopleura frigida Rochebrune, 1889 · unaccepted (junior subjective synonym)
Chaetopleura hahni Rochebrune, 1889 · unaccepted (junior subjective synonym)
Chaetopleura savatieri Rochebrune, 1881 · unaccepted (junior subjective synonym)
Chiton auratus Spalowsky, 1795 · unaccepted (superseded combination)
Chiton aureus [sic] · unaccepted (misspelling of original species...)
misspelling of original species name, Chiton auratus Spalowsky, 1795
Chiton carmichaelis W. Wood, 1828 · unaccepted (junior subjective synonym)
Chiton frembleii Broderip, 1832 · unaccepted (junior subjective synonym)
Chiton raripilosus Blainville, 1825 · unaccepted (junior subjective synonym)
Chiton setiger P. P. King, 1832 · unaccepted (junior subjective synonym)
Chiton setiger var. kingi Clessin, 1903 · unaccepted (junior subjective synonym)
Mopalia (Semimopalia) grisea Dall, 1919 · unaccepted (junior subjective synonym)
Mopalia grisea Dall, 1919 · unaccepted (junior subjective synonym)
Plaxiphora (Plaxiphora) aurata (Spalowsky, 1795) · alternative representation
Plaxiphora aucklandica Suter, 1909 · unaccepted (junior subjective synonym)
Plaxiphora campbelli Filhol, 1880 · unaccepted (junior subjective synonym)
Plaxiphora carpenteri Haddon, 1886 · unaccepted (junior subjective synonym)
Plaxiphora frigida (Rochebrune, 1889) · unaccepted (junior subjective synonym)
Plaxiphora setigera (P. P. King, 1832) · unaccepted (junior subjective synonym)
Plaxiphora simplex P. P. Carpenter, 1886 · unaccepted (junior subjective synonym)
Plaxiphora superba Pilsbry, 1892 · unaccepted (junior subjective synonym)
Tonicia atrata (G. B. Sowerby II, 1840) sensu F. W. Hutton, 1880 · unaccepted (misidentification)
Tonicia subatrata Pilsbry, 1893 · unaccepted (junior subjective synonym)
- Subspecies Plaxiphora aurata aurata (Spalowsky, 1795)
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
(of Chiton auratus Spalowsky, 1795) Spalowsky, J. J. N. A. (1795). Prodromus in systema historicum testaceorum. Vorschmack einer vollständigen systematischen Geschichte der Schalthiergehäuse, Wien, printed by Ignaz Alberti's Wittwe. iv, 88 pp., pls 1-13., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40430140
page(s): 88, pl. 13, figs. 6a-b [details]
page(s): 88, pl. 13, figs. 6a-b [details]
MolluscaBase eds. (2025). MolluscaBase. Plaxiphora aurata (Spalowsky, 1795). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=817223 on 2025-07-08
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Nomenclature
original description
(of Chiton auratus Spalowsky, 1795) Spalowsky, J. J. N. A. (1795). Prodromus in systema historicum testaceorum. Vorschmack einer vollständigen systematischen Geschichte der Schalthiergehäuse, Wien, printed by Ignaz Alberti's Wittwe. iv, 88 pp., pls 1-13., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40430140
page(s): 88, pl. 13, figs. 6a-b [details]
original description (of Mopalia (Semimopalia) grisea Dall, 1919) Dall, W. H. (1919). Descriptions of new species of chitons from the Pacific Coast of America. <em>Proceedings of the United States National Museum.</em> 55 (2283): 499-516., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7600610
page(s): 514 [details]
original description (of Chiton raripilosus Blainville, 1825) Blainville, H. M. D. de. (1825). Oscabrion, <i>Chiton</i>, pp. 519-555, in: Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles (F. Cuvier, ed.), vol. 36. Levrault, Strasbourg & Paris, & Le Normant, Paris. , available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25305184
page(s): 547 [details]
original description (of Chiton carmichaelis W. Wood, 1828) Wood, W. (1828). <i>Supplement to the Index Testaceologicus; or A catalogue of shells, British and foreign</i>. Richard Taylor, London. iv [+1] + 59 pp., plates 1-8. , available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22991199
page(s): 1, pl. 1, Chiton fig. 10 [details]
original description (of Chiton setiger P. P. King, 1832) King, P. P. (1832). Description of the Cirrhipeda, Conchifera and Mollusca, in a collection formed by the officers of H.M.S. Adventure and Beagle employed between the years 1826 and 1830 in surveying the southern coasts of South America, including the Straits of Magalhaens and the coast of Tierra del Fuego. <em>Zoological Journal.</em> 5(125): 332-349., available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27657695
page(s): 358 [details]
original description (of Chiton frembleii Broderip, 1832) Broderip, W. J. & Sowerby, G. B. I. (1832-1833). [Descriptions of new species of shells from the collection formed by Mr. Cuming on the western coast of South America, and among the islands of the southern Pacific Ocean.]. <em>Proceedings of the Committee of Science and correspondence of the Zoological Society of London.</em> Part II for 1832: 25–33 [21 April 1832], 50-61 [5 June 1832], 104–108 [31 July 1832], 113–120 [14 August 1832]; 173–179 [14 Jan. 1833], 194–202 [13 March 1833]., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/26730700
page(s): 28 [details]
original description (of Chaetopleura savatieri Rochebrune, 1881) Rochebrune A.T. de. (1881). Diagnoses d'espèces nouvelles de la famille des Chitonidae. <em>Bulletin de la Société Philomatique de Paris.</em> (7) 5: 115–121., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31660723
page(s): 119 [details]
original description (of Chaetopleura ahnni Rochebrune, 1884) Rochebrune A.T. de. (1884). Diagnoses d'espèces nouvelles de la famille des Chitonidae (Deuxième supplément). <em>Bulletin de la Société Philomathique de Paris.</em> ser. 7, 8: 32-39., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31636764
page(s): 7 [details]
original description (of Chaetopleura frigida Rochebrune, 1889) Rochebrune A.T. de & Mabille J. (1889). Mollusques. <i>in</i>: Mission Scientifique du Cap Horn 1882-1883. Tome 6 (Zoologie 2, part 8). <em>Paris, Gauthiers-Villars.</em> H.1-H.129, pls. 1-8., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/105001
page(s): 137 [details]
original description (of Chaetopleura hahni Rochebrune, 1889) Rochebrune A.T. de & Mabille J. (1889). Mollusques. <i>in</i>: Mission Scientifique du Cap Horn 1882-1883. Tome 6 (Zoologie 2, part 8). <em>Paris, Gauthiers-Villars.</em> H.1-H.129, pls. 1-8., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/105001 [details]
original description (of Plaxiphora superba Pilsbry, 1892) Pilsbry, H. A. (1892-1893). <i>Manual of conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species</i>. Ser. 1. Vol. 14: Polyplacophora (Chitons). Lepidopleuridae, Ischnochitonidae, Chitonidae, Mopaliidae. pp i-xxxiv, 1-350, pls 1-40. Philadelphia, published by the Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences. [pp. 1-64, pls. 1-15, Jul. 25, 1892; pp. 65-128, pls. 16-30, Nov. 25, 1892; pp. 129-208, pls. 31-40, Feb. 25, 1893; pp. 209-350, pls. 41-68, Jul. 1, 1893; i-xxxiv, Jul. 1, 1893]. , available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/63221
page(s): 319 [details]
original description (of Plaxiphora campbelli Filhol, 1880) Filhol H. (1880). Mollusques marins vivant sur les côtes de l'ile Campbell. <em>Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences.</em> 91: 1094–1095., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/3717596
page(s): 1095 [details]
original description (of Plaxiphora simplex P. P. Carpenter, 1886) Haddon, A. C. (1886). Report on the Polyplacophora collected by H.M.S. "Challenger" during the years 1873-76. <em>Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873–76. Zoology.</em> 15 (part 43): 1-50, pl. 1-3., available online at http://www.19thcenturyscience.org/HMSC/HMSC-Reports/Zool-43/README.htm [details]
original description (of Tonicia subatrata Pilsbry, 1893) Pilsbry, H. A. (1892-1893). <i>Manual of conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species</i>. Ser. 1. Vol. 14: Polyplacophora (Chitons). Lepidopleuridae, Ischnochitonidae, Chitonidae, Mopaliidae. pp i-xxxiv, 1-350, pls 1-40. Philadelphia, published by the Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences. [pp. 1-64, pls. 1-15, Jul. 25, 1892; pp. 65-128, pls. 16-30, Nov. 25, 1892; pp. 129-208, pls. 31-40, Feb. 25, 1893; pp. 209-350, pls. 41-68, Jul. 1, 1893; i-xxxiv, Jul. 1, 1893]. , available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/63221 [details]
original description (of Plaxiphora carpenteri Haddon, 1886) Haddon, A. C. (1886). Report on the Polyplacophora collected by H.M.S. "Challenger" during the years 1873-76. <em>Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873–76. Zoology.</em> 15 (part 43): 1-50, pl. 1-3., available online at http://www.19thcenturyscience.org/HMSC/HMSC-Reports/Zool-43/README.htm [details]
original description (of Plaxiphora aucklandica Suter, 1909) Suter, H. (1909). The Mollusca of the Subantarctic islands of New Zealand. Pp 1–57 in Chilton, C. (ed.), The Subantarctic islands of New Zealand. Reports on the geo-physics, geology, zoology, and botany of the islands lying to the south of New Zealand, based mainly on observations and collections made during an expedition in the Government steamer “Hinemoa” (Captain J. Bollons) in November 1907. 1. Philosophical Institute of Canterbury, Wellington.
page(s): 2 [details]
original description (of Mopalia grisea Dall, 1919) Dall, W. H. (1919). Descriptions of new species of chitons from the Pacific Coast of America. <em>Proceedings of the United States National Museum.</em> 55 (2283): 499-516., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7600610
page(s): 514 [details]
original description (of Chiton setiger var. kingi Clessin, 1903) Clessin, S. (1843-1904). Die Familie Chitonidae. <em>Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz.</em> 6 (4): 1-135.
page(s): 119 [details]
basis of record Dell, R. K. (1964). Antarctic and subantarctic Mollusca: Amphineura, Scaphopoda and Bivalvia. <em>Discovery Reports.</em> 33: 93-250, pls. 2-7., available online at https://viewer.soton.ac.uk/records/140763633 [details]
page(s): 88, pl. 13, figs. 6a-b [details]
original description (of Mopalia (Semimopalia) grisea Dall, 1919) Dall, W. H. (1919). Descriptions of new species of chitons from the Pacific Coast of America. <em>Proceedings of the United States National Museum.</em> 55 (2283): 499-516., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7600610
page(s): 514 [details]
original description (of Chiton raripilosus Blainville, 1825) Blainville, H. M. D. de. (1825). Oscabrion, <i>Chiton</i>, pp. 519-555, in: Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles (F. Cuvier, ed.), vol. 36. Levrault, Strasbourg & Paris, & Le Normant, Paris. , available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25305184
page(s): 547 [details]
original description (of Chiton carmichaelis W. Wood, 1828) Wood, W. (1828). <i>Supplement to the Index Testaceologicus; or A catalogue of shells, British and foreign</i>. Richard Taylor, London. iv [+1] + 59 pp., plates 1-8. , available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22991199
page(s): 1, pl. 1, Chiton fig. 10 [details]
original description (of Chiton setiger P. P. King, 1832) King, P. P. (1832). Description of the Cirrhipeda, Conchifera and Mollusca, in a collection formed by the officers of H.M.S. Adventure and Beagle employed between the years 1826 and 1830 in surveying the southern coasts of South America, including the Straits of Magalhaens and the coast of Tierra del Fuego. <em>Zoological Journal.</em> 5(125): 332-349., available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27657695
page(s): 358 [details]
original description (of Chiton frembleii Broderip, 1832) Broderip, W. J. & Sowerby, G. B. I. (1832-1833). [Descriptions of new species of shells from the collection formed by Mr. Cuming on the western coast of South America, and among the islands of the southern Pacific Ocean.]. <em>Proceedings of the Committee of Science and correspondence of the Zoological Society of London.</em> Part II for 1832: 25–33 [21 April 1832], 50-61 [5 June 1832], 104–108 [31 July 1832], 113–120 [14 August 1832]; 173–179 [14 Jan. 1833], 194–202 [13 March 1833]., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/26730700
page(s): 28 [details]
original description (of Chaetopleura savatieri Rochebrune, 1881) Rochebrune A.T. de. (1881). Diagnoses d'espèces nouvelles de la famille des Chitonidae. <em>Bulletin de la Société Philomatique de Paris.</em> (7) 5: 115–121., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31660723
page(s): 119 [details]
original description (of Chaetopleura ahnni Rochebrune, 1884) Rochebrune A.T. de. (1884). Diagnoses d'espèces nouvelles de la famille des Chitonidae (Deuxième supplément). <em>Bulletin de la Société Philomathique de Paris.</em> ser. 7, 8: 32-39., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31636764
page(s): 7 [details]
original description (of Chaetopleura frigida Rochebrune, 1889) Rochebrune A.T. de & Mabille J. (1889). Mollusques. <i>in</i>: Mission Scientifique du Cap Horn 1882-1883. Tome 6 (Zoologie 2, part 8). <em>Paris, Gauthiers-Villars.</em> H.1-H.129, pls. 1-8., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/105001
page(s): 137 [details]
original description (of Chaetopleura hahni Rochebrune, 1889) Rochebrune A.T. de & Mabille J. (1889). Mollusques. <i>in</i>: Mission Scientifique du Cap Horn 1882-1883. Tome 6 (Zoologie 2, part 8). <em>Paris, Gauthiers-Villars.</em> H.1-H.129, pls. 1-8., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/105001 [details]
original description (of Plaxiphora superba Pilsbry, 1892) Pilsbry, H. A. (1892-1893). <i>Manual of conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species</i>. Ser. 1. Vol. 14: Polyplacophora (Chitons). Lepidopleuridae, Ischnochitonidae, Chitonidae, Mopaliidae. pp i-xxxiv, 1-350, pls 1-40. Philadelphia, published by the Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences. [pp. 1-64, pls. 1-15, Jul. 25, 1892; pp. 65-128, pls. 16-30, Nov. 25, 1892; pp. 129-208, pls. 31-40, Feb. 25, 1893; pp. 209-350, pls. 41-68, Jul. 1, 1893; i-xxxiv, Jul. 1, 1893]. , available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/63221
page(s): 319 [details]
original description (of Plaxiphora campbelli Filhol, 1880) Filhol H. (1880). Mollusques marins vivant sur les côtes de l'ile Campbell. <em>Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences.</em> 91: 1094–1095., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/3717596
page(s): 1095 [details]
original description (of Plaxiphora simplex P. P. Carpenter, 1886) Haddon, A. C. (1886). Report on the Polyplacophora collected by H.M.S. "Challenger" during the years 1873-76. <em>Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873–76. Zoology.</em> 15 (part 43): 1-50, pl. 1-3., available online at http://www.19thcenturyscience.org/HMSC/HMSC-Reports/Zool-43/README.htm [details]
original description (of Tonicia subatrata Pilsbry, 1893) Pilsbry, H. A. (1892-1893). <i>Manual of conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species</i>. Ser. 1. Vol. 14: Polyplacophora (Chitons). Lepidopleuridae, Ischnochitonidae, Chitonidae, Mopaliidae. pp i-xxxiv, 1-350, pls 1-40. Philadelphia, published by the Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences. [pp. 1-64, pls. 1-15, Jul. 25, 1892; pp. 65-128, pls. 16-30, Nov. 25, 1892; pp. 129-208, pls. 31-40, Feb. 25, 1893; pp. 209-350, pls. 41-68, Jul. 1, 1893; i-xxxiv, Jul. 1, 1893]. , available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/63221 [details]
original description (of Plaxiphora carpenteri Haddon, 1886) Haddon, A. C. (1886). Report on the Polyplacophora collected by H.M.S. "Challenger" during the years 1873-76. <em>Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873–76. Zoology.</em> 15 (part 43): 1-50, pl. 1-3., available online at http://www.19thcenturyscience.org/HMSC/HMSC-Reports/Zool-43/README.htm [details]
original description (of Plaxiphora aucklandica Suter, 1909) Suter, H. (1909). The Mollusca of the Subantarctic islands of New Zealand. Pp 1–57 in Chilton, C. (ed.), The Subantarctic islands of New Zealand. Reports on the geo-physics, geology, zoology, and botany of the islands lying to the south of New Zealand, based mainly on observations and collections made during an expedition in the Government steamer “Hinemoa” (Captain J. Bollons) in November 1907. 1. Philosophical Institute of Canterbury, Wellington.
page(s): 2 [details]
original description (of Mopalia grisea Dall, 1919) Dall, W. H. (1919). Descriptions of new species of chitons from the Pacific Coast of America. <em>Proceedings of the United States National Museum.</em> 55 (2283): 499-516., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7600610
page(s): 514 [details]
original description (of Chiton setiger var. kingi Clessin, 1903) Clessin, S. (1843-1904). Die Familie Chitonidae. <em>Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz.</em> 6 (4): 1-135.
page(s): 119 [details]
basis of record Dell, R. K. (1964). Antarctic and subantarctic Mollusca: Amphineura, Scaphopoda and Bivalvia. <em>Discovery Reports.</em> 33: 93-250, pls. 2-7., available online at https://viewer.soton.ac.uk/records/140763633 [details]
Present Present in aphia/obis/gbif/idigbio Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
To Barcode of Life (8 barcodes)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (10 publications) (from synonym Chiton carmichaelis W. Wood, 1828)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (10 publications) (from synonym Chaetopleura hahni Rochebrune, 1889)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (3 publications) (from synonym Chiton frembleii Broderip, 1832)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (57 publications) (from synonym Chiton setiger P. P. King, 1832)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (7 publications) (from synonym Chiton auratus Spalowsky, 1795)
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Plaxiphora aurata)
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Tonicia atrata) (from synonym Tonicia atrata (G. B. Sowerby II, 1840) sensu F. W. Hutton, 1880)
To GenBank (6 nucleotides; 4 proteins) (from synonym Chiton auratus Spalowsky, 1795)
To GenBank (6 nucleotides; 4 proteins)
To Malacopics (Plaxiphora aurata (Spalowsky, 1795) Argentina, Tierra del Fuego, Bahía Colondrina, i...
To Malacopics (Plaxiphora aurata (Spalowsky, 1795))
To MNHN Type collection (IM 2000-6005) (from synonym Chiton raripilosus Blainville, 1825)
To MNHN Type collection (IM 2000-6116) (from synonym Chaetopleura savatieri Rochebrune, 1881)
To MNHN Type collection (IM 2000-6163) (from synonym Chaetopleura ahnni Rochebrune, 1884)
To NMNH Extant Collection (Mopalia (Semimopalia) grisea Holotype Dall, 1919 Holotype USNM 218734) (from synonym Mopalia grisea Dall, 1919)
To NMNH Extant Collection (Plaxiphora aurata (Spalowsky, 1796) animal dorsal view)
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Mollusca Collection (from synonym Plaxiphora (Plaxiphora) aurata (Spalowsky, 1795))
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (10 publications) (from synonym Chiton carmichaelis W. Wood, 1828)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (10 publications) (from synonym Chaetopleura hahni Rochebrune, 1889)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (3 publications) (from synonym Chiton frembleii Broderip, 1832)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (57 publications) (from synonym Chiton setiger P. P. King, 1832)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (7 publications) (from synonym Chiton auratus Spalowsky, 1795)
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Plaxiphora aurata)
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Tonicia atrata) (from synonym Tonicia atrata (G. B. Sowerby II, 1840) sensu F. W. Hutton, 1880)
To GenBank (6 nucleotides; 4 proteins) (from synonym Chiton auratus Spalowsky, 1795)
To GenBank (6 nucleotides; 4 proteins)
To Malacopics (Plaxiphora aurata (Spalowsky, 1795) Argentina, Tierra del Fuego, Bahía Colondrina, i...
To Malacopics (Plaxiphora aurata (Spalowsky, 1795))
To MNHN Type collection (IM 2000-6005) (from synonym Chiton raripilosus Blainville, 1825)
To MNHN Type collection (IM 2000-6116) (from synonym Chaetopleura savatieri Rochebrune, 1881)
To MNHN Type collection (IM 2000-6163) (from synonym Chaetopleura ahnni Rochebrune, 1884)
To NMNH Extant Collection (Mopalia (Semimopalia) grisea Holotype Dall, 1919 Holotype USNM 218734) (from synonym Mopalia grisea Dall, 1919)
To NMNH Extant Collection (Plaxiphora aurata (Spalowsky, 1796) animal dorsal view)
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Mollusca Collection (from synonym Plaxiphora (Plaxiphora) aurata (Spalowsky, 1795))
.jpg "To Malacopics (Plaxiphora aurata (Spalowsky, 1795))")
