original description
Bourguignat, J.-R. (1890). Mollusques de l'Afrique équatoriale de Moguedouchou à Bagamoyo et de Bagamoyo au Tanganika. 1-229, pls 1-8. Book dated 1889, publication date 1890., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12909251
page(s): 88 [details]
original description
(of Burtopsis Bourguignat, 1890) Bourguignat, J.-R. (1890). Mollusques de l'Afrique équatoriale de Moguedouchou à Bagamoyo et de Bagamoyo au Tanganika. 1-229, pls 1-8. Book dated 1889, publication date 1890., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12909251
page(s): 98 [details]
original description
(of Livinhacia Crosse, 1889) Crosse H. (1889). Note sur le nouveau genre <i>Livinhacia</i>. <em>Journal de Conchyliologie.</em> 37(2): 105-112. [20 September 1889]., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16015467
page(s): 107-108 [details]
basis of record
Bank, R. A. (2017). Classification of the Recent terrestrial Gastropoda of the World. Last update: July 16th, 2017. [details]
additional source
Pilsbry, H. A. (1919). A review of the land mollusks of the Belgian Congo chiefly based on the collections of the American Museum Congo Expedition, 1909-1915. <em>Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History.</em> 40: 1-370, pls I-XXIII.
page(s): 81 [details]
additional source
Crowley, T. E. & Pain, T. (1959). A monographic revision of the African land snails of the genus <i>Burtoa</i> Schumacher (Mollusca – Achatinidae). <em>Annales du Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren (sciences zoologiques).</em> 79: 5–35, 3 pls.
page(s): 11 [details]
From editor or global species database
Nomenclature New information regarding the date of publication of Bourguignat's description of Burtoa indicates that the name was not published until late 1890 (Bank et al. 2019). It is thus junior to Livinhacia Crosse, 1889, which had previously been dismissed by authors such as Pilsbry on account of it being junior to Burtoa. Reinstatement of the name Livinhacia, a name that has not been used as valid since 1899, would destabilize the well established use of Burtoa in modern literature. Following ICZN Art 23.9.1. prevailing use is maintained and Burtoa is to be considered a nomen protectum. [details]