original description
Keen, A.M. (1951). Outline of a proposed classification of the pelecypod family Cardiidae. <em>Minutes Conchological Club of Southern California.</em> 111: 6-8.
page(s): 7 [details]
additional source
Coan, E. V.; Valentich-Scott, P. (2012). Bivalve seashells of tropical West America. Marine bivalve mollusks from Baja California to northern Peru. 2 vols, 1258 pp. [details]
status source
Bieler R., Carter J.G. & Coan E.V. (2010). Classification of Bivalve families. Pp. 113-133, <i>in</i>: Bouchet P. & Rocroi J.-P. (2010), Nomenclator of Bivalve Families. <i>Malacologia</i> 52(2): 1-184. [details]
From editor or global species database
taxonomy subfamily level generally not used [details]