WoRMS taxon details
Philine Ascanius, 1772
138339 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:138339)
accepted
Genus
Philine quadripartita Ascanius, 1772 (type by monotypy)
Bulla (Bullea) [sic] · unaccepted (misspelling for Bullaea Lamarck,...)
misspelling for Bullaea Lamarck, 1801
Bullaea Lamarck, 1801 · unaccepted
Bullea [sic] · unaccepted (misspelling for Bullaea Lamarck,...)
misspelling for Bullaea Lamarck, 1801
Choshiphiline T. Habe, 1958 · unaccepted > junior subjective synonym
Johania Monterosato, 1884 · unaccepted
Lobaria O. F. Müller, 1776 · unaccepted > junior subjective synonym
Philingwynia F. Nordsieck, 1972 · unaccepted
Phyline · unaccepted (misspelling)
Woodbridgea S. S. Berry, 1953 · unaccepted (doubtful synonym)
Yokoyamaia (Choshiphiline) T. Habe, 1958 · unaccepted > junior subjective synonym
- Species Philine abyssicola Á. Valdés, 2008
- Species Philine aethiopica Thiele, 1925
- Species Philine alboides Price, Gosliner & Á. Valdés, 2011
- Species Philine amabilis A. E. Verrill, 1880
- Species Philine angasi (Crosse, 1865)
- Species Philine angulata Jeffreys, 1867
- Species Philine aperta (Linnaeus, 1767)
- Species Philine approximans Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1896
- Species Philine araneosa van der Linden, 1995
- Species Philine argentina Carcelles, 1947
- Species Philine auriformis Suter, 1909
- Species Philine azorica Bouchet, 1975
- Species Philine babai Á. Valdés, 2008
- Species Philine bakeri Dall, 1919
- Species Philine baxteri Á. Valdés, Cadien & Gosliner, 2016
- Species Philine beachportensis Verco, 1909
- Species Philine berghi E. A. Smith, 1910
- Species Philine buchensis Caballer & Ortea, 2015
- Species Philine burrowsi Burn, 1961
- Species Philine caballeri Ortea, Espinosa & Moro, 2001
- Species Philine caledonica Risbec, 1951
- Species Philine candeana (A. d'Orbigny, 1841)
- Species Philine catena (Montagu, 1803)
- Species Philine cerebralis Malaquias, Ohnheiser, Oskars & Willassen, 2016
- Species Philine columnaria Hedley & May, 1908
- Species Philine complanata R. B. Watson, 1897
- Species Philine constricta Murdoch & Suter, 1906
- Species Philine cumingii (A. Adams, 1862)
- Species Philine dentiphallus Gonzales & Gosliner, 2014
- Species Philine elegans Bergh, 1905
- Species Philine exigua Challis, 1969
- Species Philine fenestra Price, Gosliner & Á. Valdés, 2011
- Species Philine gelida van der Linden, 1995
- Species Philine guineensis Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1966
- Species Philine habei Á. Valdés, 2008
- Species Philine harrisae Á. Valdés, Cadien & Gosliner, 2016
- Species Philine hemphilli Dall, 1919
- Species Philine infortunata Pilsbry, 1895
- Species Philine infundibulum Dall, 1889
- Species Philine intricata Monterosato, 1884
- Species Philine iris Tringali, 2001
- Species Philine kinglipini S. Tchang, 1934
- Species Philine kurodai Habe, 1946
- Species Philine lucida Dall, 1927
- Species Philine mcleani Á. Valdés, Cadien & Gosliner, 2016
- Species Philine mera Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1969
- Species Philine monilifera Bouchet, 1975
- Species Philine monterosati Monterosato, 1874
- Species Philine multipapillata Gonzales & Gosliner, 2014
- Species Philine orientalis A. Adams, 1855
- Species Philine oscitans Hedley, 1907
- Species Philine otukai Habe, 1946
- Species Philine paucipapillata Price, Gosliner & Á. Valdés, 2011
- Species Philine pittmani Gonzales & Gosliner, 2014
- Species Philine planata Dall, 1889
- Species Philine polystrigma (Dall, 1908)
- Species Philine powelli Rudman, 1970
- Species Philine puka Price, Gosliner & Á. Valdés, 2011
- Species Philine punctata (J. Adams, 1800)
- Species Philine quadripartita Ascanius, 1772
- Species Philine rubra Bergh, 1905
- Species Philine rugosula Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1896
- Species Philine sagra (A. d'Orbigny, 1841)
- Species Philine sarcophaga Price, Gosliner & Á. Valdés, 2011
- Species Philine scalpta A. Adams, 1862
- Species Philine schrammi Malaquias, Ohnheiser, Oskars & Willassen, 2016
- Species Philine sinuata W. Stimpson, 1850
- Species Philine striatula Monterosato, 1874
- Species Philine striolata A. Adams, 1862
- Species Philine talismani Sykes, 1905
- Species Philine teres Hedley, 1903
- Species Philine tincta A. E. Verrill, 1882
- Species Philine trapezia Hedley, 1902
- Species Philine vaillanti Issel, 1869
- Species Philine verdensis Gonzales & Gosliner, 2014
- Species Philine wareni Á. Valdés, Cadien & Gosliner, 2016
- Subgenus Philine (Hermania) Monterosato, 1884 accepted as Hermania Monterosato, 1884 (unaccepted > superseded rank)
- Subgenus Philine (Retusophiline) F. Nordsieck, 1972 accepted as Retusophiline F. Nordsieck, 1972 (original rank)
- Species Philine acuticauda Gonzales & Gosliner, 2014 accepted as Pseudophiline hayashii T. Habe, 1976 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
- Species Philine alata Thiele, 1912 accepted as Antarctophiline alata (Thiele, 1912) (original combination)
- Species Philine alba Mattox, 1958 accepted as Philinorbis albus (Mattox, 1958) (original combination)
- Species Philine alternans van der Linden, 1995 accepted as Laona alternans (van der Linden, 1995) (original combination)
- Species Philine amoena Thiele, 1925 accepted as Antarctophiline alata (Thiele, 1912)
- Species Philine antarctica E. A. Smith, 1902 accepted as Waegelea antarctica (E. A. Smith, 1902) (original combination)
- Species Philine aperta (Linnaeus, 1767) sensu Jeffreys, 1867 accepted as Philine quadripartita Ascanius, 1772 (misapplication)
- Species Philine apertissima de Folin, 1893 accepted as Philine quadripartita Ascanius, 1772
- Species Philine apertissima E. A. Smith, 1902 accepted as Antarctophiline apertissima (E. A. Smith, 1902) (unaccepted > junior homonym, invalid: junior homonym of Philine apertissima de Folin, 1893)
- Species Philine argentata A. Gould, 1859 accepted as Philine orientalis A. Adams, 1855
- Species Philine californica Willett, 1944 accepted as Laona californica (Willett, 1944) (original combination)
- Species Philine calva van der Linden, 1995 accepted as Philine striatula Monterosato, 1874
- Species Philine capensis Bergh, 1907 accepted as Philine berghi E. A. Smith, 1910 (invalid: secondary junior homonym of Bullaea capensis Pfeiffer, 1840; Philine berghi E.A. Smith, 1910 is a replacement name)
- Species Philine catenata Locard, 1886 accepted as Philine catena (Montagu, 1803) (unjustified emendation)
- Species Philine chilla Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1969 accepted as Laona chilla (Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1969) accepted as Praephiline chilla (Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1969) (original combination)
- Species Philine cingulata G. O. Sars, 1878 accepted as Philine finmarchica M. Sars, 1859 accepted as Praephiline finmarchica (M. Sars, 1859)
- Species Philine condensa van der Linden, 1995 accepted as Laona condensa (van der Linden, 1995) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Philine confusa Ohnheiser & Malaquias, 2013 accepted as Laona confusa (Ohnheiser & Malaquias, 2013)
- Species Philine coreanica A. Adams, 1854 (unaccepted > nomen nudum)
- Species Philine denticulata (J. Adams, 1800) accepted as Philinissima denticulata (J. Adams, 1800)
- Species Philine falklandica A. W. B. Powell, 1951 accepted as Antarctophiline falklandica (A. W. B. Powell, 1951) (original combination)
- Species Philine finmarchica M. Sars, 1859 accepted as Praephiline finmarchica (M. Sars, 1859) (original combination)
- Species Philine flexuosa M. Sars, 1859 accepted as Laona pruinosa (W. Clark, 1827)
- Species Philine formosa W. Stimpson, 1850 accepted as Philine quadrata (S. V. Wood, 1839) accepted as Laona quadrata (S. V. Wood, 1839) (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
- Species Philine fragilis G. O. Sars, 1878 accepted as Philine finmarchica M. Sars, 1859 accepted as Praephiline finmarchica (M. Sars, 1859)
- Species Philine frigida Knipowitsch, 1896 accepted as Philine lima (T. Brown, 1827) accepted as Retusophiline lima (T. Brown, 1827)
- Species Philine gibba Strebel, 1908 accepted as Antarctophiline gibba (Strebel, 1908) (original combination)
- Species Philine gouldi Doello-Jurado, 1918 accepted as Antarctophiline gibba (Strebel, 1908)
- Species Philine grandioculi Ohnheiser & Malaquias, 2013 accepted as Laona grandioculi (Ohnheiser & Malaquias, 2013)
- Species Philine granulosa M. Sars, 1869 accepted as Philine pruinosa (W. Clark, 1827) accepted as Laona pruinosa (W. Clark, 1827)
- Species Philine hearstorum Gonzales & Gosliner, 2014 accepted as Philinorbis teramachii Habe, 1950
- Species Philine indistincta Ohnheiser & Malaquias, 2013 accepted as Hermania indistincta (Ohnheiser & Malaquias, 2013) (original combination)
- Species Philine intermedia Knipowitsch, 1901 accepted as Philine finmarchica M. Sars, 1859 accepted as Praephiline finmarchica (M. Sars, 1859)
- Species Philine japonica Lischke, 1872 accepted as Philine orientalis A. Adams, 1855
- Species Philine kawamurai (Habe, 1958) accepted as Globophiline kawamurai Habe, 1958
- Species Philine kerguelensis Thiele, 1925 accepted as Spiraphiline kerguelensis (Thiele, 1925) (original combination)
- Species Philine lima (T. Brown, 1827) accepted as Retusophiline lima (T. Brown, 1827)
- Species Philine loveni Malm, 1855 accepted as Philine scabra (O. F. Müller, 1784) accepted as Hermania scabra (O. F. Müller, 1784)
- Species Philine malaquiasi Á. Valdés, Cadien & Gosliner, 2016 accepted as Retusophiline malaquiasi (Á. Valdés, Cadien & Gosliner, 2016) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Philine membranacea Monterosato, 1880 accepted as Philine pruinosa (W. Clark, 1827) accepted as Laona pruinosa (W. Clark, 1827)
- Species Philine milneedwardsi Locard, 1897 accepted as Philine quadripartita Ascanius, 1772
- Species Philine monterosatoi Sykes, 1905 accepted as Philine monterosati Monterosato, 1874 (unaccepted > unjustified emendation)
- Species Philine multistriata (Brazier, 1877) accepted as Scaphander japonicus A. Adams, 1862 accepted as Nipponoscaphander japonicus (A. Adams, 1862)
- Species Philine nitida Jeffreys, 1867 accepted as Philine denticulata (J. Adams, 1800) accepted as Philinissima denticulata (J. Adams, 1800)
- Species Philine orca Gosliner, 1988 accepted as Hermania orca (Gosliner, 1988) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Philine ornatissima Yokoyama, 1927 accepted as Yokoyamaia ornatissima (Yokoyama, 1927) (original combination)
- Species Philine ossiani Kobelt, 1896 accepted as Philine finmarchica M. Sars, 1859 accepted as Praephiline finmarchica (M. Sars, 1859)
- Species Philine ossiansarsi Friele, 1877 accepted as Philine finmarchica M. Sars, 1859 accepted as Praephiline finmarchica (M. Sars, 1859)
- Species Philine planciana (Lamarck, 1801) accepted as Philine quadripartita Ascanius, 1772 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
- Species Philine polaris Aurivillius, 1887 accepted as Laona quadrata (S. V. Wood, 1839) (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
- Species Philine pruinosa (W. Clark, 1827) accepted as Laona pruinosa (W. Clark, 1827)
- Species Philine pusilla M. Sars, 1859 accepted as Philine punctata (J. Adams, 1800)
- Species Philine quadrata (S. V. Wood, 1839) accepted as Laona quadrata (S. V. Wood, 1839) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Philine retifera (Forbes, 1844) accepted as Philine vestita (R. A. Philippi, 1840) accepted as Laona vestita (R. A. Philippi, 1840)
- Species Philine rubrata Gosliner, 1988 accepted as Hermania rubrata (Gosliner, 1988) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Philine rugulosa [sic] accepted as Philine rugosula Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1896 (specific name misspelled)
- Species Philine scabra (O. F. Müller, 1784) accepted as Hermania scabra (O. F. Müller, 1784)
- Species Philine scutulum Lovén, 1846 accepted as Laona quadrata (S. V. Wood, 1839) (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
- Species Philine striatella Tapparone Canefri, 1874 accepted as Philine orientalis A. Adams, 1855
- Species Philine striatula Locard, 1897 accepted as Philine talismani Sykes, 1905 (junior homonym of Philine striatula Monterosato, 1874)
- Species Philine thurmanni Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1969 accepted as Laona thurmanni (Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1969) accepted as Praephiline thurmanni (Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1969)
- Species Philine trachyostraca R. B. Watson, 1897 accepted as Philine retifera (Forbes, 1844) accepted as Philine vestita (R. A. Philippi, 1840) accepted as Laona vestita (R. A. Philippi, 1840) (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
- Species Philine umbilicata Murdoch & Suter, 1906 accepted as Diaphana umbilicata (Murdoch & Suter, 1906) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Philine velutinoides G. O. Sars, 1878 accepted as Philine ventricosa (Jeffreys, 1865) accepted as Laona ventricosa (Jeffreys, 1865)
- Species Philine ventricosa (Jeffreys, 1865) accepted as Laona ventricosa (Jeffreys, 1865)
- Species Philine vestita (R. A. Philippi, 1840) accepted as Laona vestita (R. A. Philippi, 1840) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Philine vitrea (M. Sars, 1870) sensu G. O. Sars, 1878 accepted as Philine infortunata Pilsbry, 1895 (invalid: junior homonym of Philine vitrea Gould, 1859; P. infortunata is a replacement name)
- Species Philine zangherii Coen, 1948 accepted as Philine quadripartita Ascanius, 1772
- Species Philine acutangula A. Adams, 1862 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Philine crenata A. Adams, 1862 (uncertain, use in recent literature not researched by editor)
- Species Philine desmotis R. B. Watson, 1897 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Philine erythraea H. Adams, 1872 (uncertain > unassessed, use in recent literature not established by editor)
- Species Philine laevissima M. Sars, 1859 accepted as Philine confusa Ohnheiser & Malaquias, 2013 accepted as Laona confusa (Ohnheiser & Malaquias, 2013) (uncertain > nomen dubium, dubious synonym)
- Species Philine minuta Thiele, 1925 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Philine sieboldii (A. Adams, 1862) (uncertain)
- Species Philine sykesii Melvill, 1904 (uncertain > unassessed, use in recent literature not established by editor)
- Species Philine truncatissima G. B. Sowerby II, 1870 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Philine vitrea Gould, 1859 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
Ascanius P. 1772. <i>Philine quadripartita</i>, et förut obekant sjö-kräk, aftecknadt och beskrifvet. <i>Kongliga Vetenskaps Academiens Handlingar</i> 33 (10-12): 329-331, pl. 10., available online at http://books.google.com/books?id=eXVUAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA329 [details]
MolluscaBase eds. (2025). MolluscaBase. Philine Ascanius, 1772. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138339 on 2025-04-01
Date
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Nomenclature
original description
Ascanius P. 1772. <i>Philine quadripartita</i>, et förut obekant sjö-kräk, aftecknadt och beskrifvet. <i>Kongliga Vetenskaps Academiens Handlingar</i> 33 (10-12): 329-331, pl. 10., available online at http://books.google.com/books?id=eXVUAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA329 [details]
original description (of Johania Monterosato, 1884) Monterosato, T. A. di. (1884). <i>Nomenclatura generica e specifica di alcune conchiglie mediterranee</i>. Virzi, printed for the author, Palermo, 152 pp. , available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/109711
page(s): 147 [details]
original description (of Bullaea Lamarck, 1801) Lamarck, J. B. (1801). Système des animaux sans vertèbres, ou tableau général des classes, des ordres et des genres de ces animaux. <em>Published by the author and Deterville, Paris.</em> : viii + 432 pp., available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14117719 [details]
original description (of Woodbridgea S. S. Berry, 1953) Berry S.S. (1953). Notices of new West American marine Mollusca. <em>Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History.</em> 11(16): 405-428, pls 28-29., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/5714916 [details]
original description (of Lobaria O. F. Müller, 1776) Müller, O.F. (1776). Zoologiae Danicae prodromus, seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae indigenarum: characteres, nomina, et synonyma imprimis popularium. [Prodrome of Danish Zoology, or the Native Animals of Denmark and Norway: the characters, names, and synonyms of the most popular ones.]. <em>Typis Hallagerii, Havni, Copenhagen.</em> 282 pp., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47550 [details]
original description (of Yokoyamaia (Choshiphiline) T. Habe, 1958) Habe, T. (1958). On the shell-bearing opisthobranchiate molluscan fauna from off Choshi, Chiba Pref., Japan. <em>Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses.</em> 31(2): 117-120, pls 1-8.
page(s): 120 [details]
original description (of Johania Monterosato, 1884) Monterosato, T. A. di. (1884). <i>Nomenclatura generica e specifica di alcune conchiglie mediterranee</i>. Virzi, printed for the author, Palermo, 152 pp. , available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/109711
page(s): 147 [details]
original description (of Bullaea Lamarck, 1801) Lamarck, J. B. (1801). Système des animaux sans vertèbres, ou tableau général des classes, des ordres et des genres de ces animaux. <em>Published by the author and Deterville, Paris.</em> : viii + 432 pp., available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14117719 [details]
original description (of Woodbridgea S. S. Berry, 1953) Berry S.S. (1953). Notices of new West American marine Mollusca. <em>Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History.</em> 11(16): 405-428, pls 28-29., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/5714916 [details]
original description (of Lobaria O. F. Müller, 1776) Müller, O.F. (1776). Zoologiae Danicae prodromus, seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae indigenarum: characteres, nomina, et synonyma imprimis popularium. [Prodrome of Danish Zoology, or the Native Animals of Denmark and Norway: the characters, names, and synonyms of the most popular ones.]. <em>Typis Hallagerii, Havni, Copenhagen.</em> 282 pp., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47550 [details]
original description (of Yokoyamaia (Choshiphiline) T. Habe, 1958) Habe, T. (1958). On the shell-bearing opisthobranchiate molluscan fauna from off Choshi, Chiba Pref., Japan. <em>Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses.</em> 31(2): 117-120, pls 1-8.
page(s): 120 [details]
Taxonomy
taxonomy source
Price R. M.; Gosliner T. M.; Valdés A. (2011). Systematics and phylogeny of <em>Philine</em> (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia), with emphasis on the <em>Philine aperta</em> species complex. <em>The Veliger.</em> 51(2): 1-58. [26 May 2011]., available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42497280 [details]
Other
additional source
Ohnheiser, L. T.; Malaquias, M. (2013). Systematic revision of the gastropod family Philinidae (Mollusca: Cephalaspidea) in the north-east Atlantic
Ocean with emphasis on the Scandinavian Peninsula. <em>Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society.</em> 167: 273-326., available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12000 [details] 



