DeVries, T. J. (2007). Three new Pliocene species of Stramonita Schumacher, 1817 (Muricidae : Rapaninae) from western South America and the evolution of modern Stramonita chocolata (Duclos, 1832). Veliger. 48(4): 247-259.

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DeVries, T. J.

2007

48(4): 247-259

Publication

Available for editors   [request]

New fossils of Stramonita (Schumacher, 1817) from southern Peru and Chile provide evidence that modern S. chocolata (Duclos, 1832) evolved during the late Pliocene on the coast of western South America. Three new species, S. caracolensis, sp. nov., S. huaricanganensis, sp. nov., and S. zinsmeisteri, sp. nov., are short-lived late Pliocene taxa, that morphologically link S. chocolata to older populations of S. biserialis (Blainville, 1832). The appearance of morphological novelty in South American Stramonita, the only entirely temperate lineage of the genus, coincides with a major species-level extinction of Peruvian mollusks. One new feature, a thicker, more refractory, outer calcitic layer, may have been an adaptive response to severe bioerosion caused by boring demosponges and polychaetes.

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