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Mollusca (132 888)
Subphylum Aculifera
Subphylum Conchifera
Subphylum Placophora accepted as Polyplacophora
Superclass Aplacophora
Class Amphineura accepted as Aculifera
Class Bivalvia (25 022)
Class Caudofoveata (143)
Class Cephalopoda (1 838)
Class Conchifera accepted as Bivalvia
Class Cricoconarida † (1)
Class Gastropoda (102 777)
Subclass Amphigastropoda † (396)
Subclass Angiogastropoda represented as Gastropoda
Subclass Apogastropoda
Subclass Caenogastropoda (53 684)
Subterclass Sorbeoconcha (147)
Superorder Hypsogastropoda
Order Architaenioglossa (4 919)
Superfamily Ampullarioidea Gray, 1824 (250)
Superfamily Cyclophoroidea J. E. Gray, 1847 (3 905)
Superfamily Viviparoidea Gray, 1847 (764)
Family Amuropaludinidae Kruglov & Pavlyuchenkova, 1995 accepted as Bellamyinae Rohrbach, 1937
Family Bellamyidae Rohrbach, 1937 accepted as Bellamyinae Rohrbach, 1937
Family Paludinidae Fitzinger, 1833 accepted as Viviparidae J. E. Gray, 1847
Family Pliopholygidae D. W. Taylor, 1966 † (6)
Family Viviparidae J. E. Gray, 1847 (758)
Subfamily Bellamyinae Rohrbach, 1937 (224)
Subfamily Campelomatinae Thiele, 1929 accepted as Lioplacinae Gill, 1863
Subfamily Lioplacinae Gill, 1863 (52)
Subfamily Viviparinae J. E. Gray, 1847 (403)
Genus Callina Hannibal, 1912 accepted as Viviparus Montfort, 1810
Genus Callinina Thiele, 1931 (5)
Genus Contectiana Bourguignat, 1880 accepted as Viviparus (Contectiana) Bourguignat, 1880
Genus Galizgia Mikhaylovskiy, 1903 † (2)
Genus Kobeltipaludina Chernogorenko & Starobogatov, 1987 accepted as Viviparus (Contectiana) Bourguignat, 1880
Genus Leapaludina Starobogatov, 1986 accepted as Viviparus Montfort, 1810
Genus Paludina A. Férussac, 1812 accepted as Viviparus Montfort, 1810
Genus Paluditrochus [sic] † accepted as Paludotrochus Cossmann, 1921 †
Genus Paludotrochus Cossmann, 1921 † accepted as Viviparus Montfort, 1810
Genus Rivularia Heude, 1890 (1)
Genus Stephania Esu & Girotti, 1975 † accepted as Viviparus Montfort, 1810
Genus Suchumica Seninski, 1905 † accepted as Galizgia Mikhaylovskiy, 1903 †
Genus Trochopaludina Starobogatov, 1986 † (2)
Genus Tulotoma Haldeman, 1840 (3)
Genus Tulotomops Wenz, 1939 † (2)
Genus Vivipara [sic] accepted as Viviparus Montfort, 1810
Genus Viviparella Rafinesque, 1815 accepted as Viviparus Montfort, 1810
Genus Viviparus Montfort, 1810 (388)
Subgenus Viviparus (Balcanipaludina) Starobogatov, 1986 represented as Viviparus Montfort, 1810
Subgenus Viviparus (Bellamya) Jousseaume, 1886 accepted as Bellamya Jousseaume, 1886
Subgenus Viviparus (Callina) Hannibal, 1912 accepted as Callinina Thiele, 1931
Subgenus Viviparus (Callinina) Thiele, 1931 accepted as Callinina Thiele, 1931
Subgenus Viviparus (Contectiana) Bourguignat, 1880 represented as Viviparus Montfort, 1810
Subgenus Viviparus (Hazayipaludina) Chernogorenko & Starobogatov, 1987 represented as Viviparus Montfort, 1810
Subgenus Viviparus (Lacustriana) Bourguignat, 1880 represented as Viviparus (Contectiana) Bourguignat, 1880
Subgenus Viviparus (Leapaludina) Starobogatov, 1986 represented as Viviparus Montfort, 1810
Subgenus Viviparus (Neothauma) E. A. Smith, 1880 accepted as Neothauma E. A. Smith, 1880
Subgenus Viviparus (Paludotrochus) Cossmann, 1921 † represented as Viviparus Montfort, 1810
Subgenus Viviparus (Protulotoma) Annandale, 1924 † represented as Viviparus Montfort, 1810
Subgenus Viviparus (Sinotaia) F. Haas, 1939 accepted as Sinotaia F. Haas, 1939
Subgenus Viviparus (Suchumica) Seninski, 1905 † represented as Viviparus Montfort, 1810
Subgenus Viviparus (Tulotomoides) Wenz, 1939 † accepted as Tulotomoides Wenz, 1939 †
Subgenus Viviparus (Tulotomops) Wenz, 1939 † accepted as Tulotomops Wenz, 1939 †
Subgenus Viviparus (Tylopoma) Brusina, 1882 † accepted as Tylopoma Brusina, 1882 †
Subgenus Viviparus (Viviparus) Montfort, 1810 represented as Viviparus Montfort, 1810
Species Viviparus abchasicaformis Datsenko, 2007 †
Species Viviparus abchasicus Taboyakova, 1964 †
Species Viviparus acerosus Bourguignat, 1862
Species Viviparus achatinoides (Deshayes, 1838) †
Species Viviparus acicularis (Hislop, 1860) †
Species Viviparus acramiticus Bukowski, 1892 † accepted as Viviparus rhodensis acramiticus Bukowski, 1892 †
Species Viviparus adami Charig, 1970 † accepted as Neothauma adami (Charig, 1970) †
Species Viviparus aitaiensis Jekelius, 1932 †
Species Viviparus albascopularis Etheridge, 1902 † accepted as Notopala albascopularis (Etheridge, 1902) †
Species Viviparus alberti L. R. Cox, 1926 † accepted as Bellamya alberti (L. R. Cox, 1926) †
Species Viviparus alexandrieni Cobălcescu, 1883 †
Species Viviparus altecarinatus Brusina, 1874 †
Species Viviparus altus Neumayr, 1875 †
Species Viviparus alutae Jekelius, 1932 †
Species Viviparus ambiguus Neumayr, 1875 †
Species Viviparus ampullaceus (Bronn, 1831) †
Species Viviparus andraeae (Rammelmeyer, 1935) †
Species Viviparus angularis (O. F. Müller, 1774) accepted as Sinotaia angularis (O. F. Müller, 1774)
Species Viviparus angulifera (de Serres, 1851) †
Species Viviparus angulosus (J. Sowerby, 1817) † accepted as Trochopaludina angulosa (J. Sowerby, 1817) †
Species Viviparus anhuiensis H.-Z. Pan, 1980 †
Species Viviparus annulatus Yen, 1939 accepted as Sinotaia annulata (Yen, 1939)
Species Viviparus antiquus Huckriede, 1967 † accepted as Viviparus cariniferus (J. De C. Sowerby, 1826) †
Species Viviparus apameae (Blanckenhorn, 1897) † accepted as Apameaus apameae (Blanckenhorn, 1897) †
Species Viviparus apscheronicus G. I. Popov, 1968 †
Species Viviparus aquitanicus (Benoist, 1874) †
Species Viviparus aralensis Il'ina, 1960 †
Species Viviparus archiaci Pavlović, 1903 † accepted as Viviparus darchiaci Pavlović, 1903 †
Species Viviparus argesiensis Stefanescu, 1896 †
Species Viviparus arkelli Huckriede, 1967 †
Species Viviparus arlingtonensis W. B. Clark, 1911 †
Species Viviparus aspersus (Michaud, 1837) †
Species Viviparus atapensis Taboyakova, 1964 †
Species Viviparus atavius Annandale, 1921 †
Species Viviparus ater (De Cristofori & Jan, 1832)
Species Viviparus atriticus Neumayr, 1869 †
Species Viviparus aulacophorus Brusina, 1874 †
Species Viviparus aurelianus Cossmann, 1899 † accepted as Bathonella scotica (Tate, 1873) †
Species Viviparus australis Kues, 1995 †
Species Viviparus balatonicus Neumayr, 1875 †
Species Viviparus barboti Sinzov, 1884 † accepted as Sinotaia (Eurotaia) barboti (Sinzov, 1884) †
Species Viviparus bartschi B. Walker, 1919
Species Viviparus baschkiricus G. I. Popov, 1965 †
Species Viviparus basilicii Esu & Girotti, 2016 †
Species Viviparus bathonicus (Gourret, 1884) †
Species Viviparus bazavlukensis (Datsenko, 2000) †
Species Viviparus beaumontianus (Matheron, 1843) †
Species Viviparus belluccii De Stefani, 1880 †
Species Viviparus bengalensis (Lamarck, 1822) accepted as Filopaludina bengalensis (Lamarck, 1822)
Species Viviparus benoisti Peyrot, 1933 †
Species Viviparus berbestiensis Lubenescu & Zazuleac, 1985 †
Species Viviparus bergeroni Stefanescu, 1896 †
Species Viviparus berthae Halaváts, 1914 †
Species Viviparus berti Cobălcescu, 1883 †
Species Viviparus bertrandi (Fontannes, 1883) †
Species Viviparus bicarinatus Popović, 1971 †
Species Viviparus bicingulatus Pavlović, 1903 †
Species Viviparus bifarcinatus (Bielz, 1864) †
Species Viviparus bistraginus Popović, 1970 †
Species Viviparus boeckhi Halaváts, 1888 †
Species Viviparus bogatschevi G. I. Popov, 1968 †
Species Viviparus bogdanovi Brusina, 1897 †
Species Viviparus bosqui Fabre-Taxy, 1951 † accepted as Viviparus bosquiana (Matheron, 1843) †
Species Viviparus bosquiana (Matheron, 1843) †
Species Viviparus botenicus Lubenescu & Zazuleac, 1985 †
Species Viviparus botenicusaeformis Datsenko, 2007 †
Species Viviparus botezi (Porumbaru, 1881) †
Species Viviparus bressanus (Ogérien, 1867) †
Species Viviparus brevis (Tournouër, 1876) †
Species Viviparus brusinae Brusina, 1874 †
Species Viviparus brusinai [sic] † accepted as Viviparus brusinae Brusina, 1874 †
Species Viviparus bugticus (Blanford, 1883) †
Species Viviparus bukatschuki Datsenko, 2007 †
Species Viviparus bukowskii Oppenheim, 1919 †
Species Viviparus bulbiformis (F. Sandberger, 1870) †
Species Viviparus bulgaricus Brusina, 1902 †
Species Viviparus bulimoides (Cornuel, 1874) †
Species Viviparus bullatus Frauenfeld, 1864 †
Species Viviparus burgundicus [sic] † accepted as Viviparus burgundinus (Tournouër, 1866) †
Species Viviparus burgundinus (Tournouër, 1866) †
Species Viviparus burroughianus (I. Lea, 1834) accepted as Angulyagra burroughiana (I. Lea, 1834)
Species Viviparus calamodontis (T. D. A. Cockerell, 1915) †
Species Viviparus calverti Neumayr, 1880 †
Species Viviparus capillatus (Frauenfeld, 1865) accepted as Bellamya capillata (Frauenfeld, 1865)
Species Viviparus carbonarius Garwood, 1922 † accepted as Viviparus garwoodi L. R. Cox, 1927 †
Species Viviparus carenatus Lubenescu & Zazuleac, 1985 †
Species Viviparus carinatogibbosus Milošević, 1972 †
Species Viviparus carinatus V. E. Fuchs, 1936 † accepted as Neothauma carinatum (V. E. Fuchs, 1936) †
Species Viviparus cariniferus (J. De C. Sowerby, 1826) †
Species Viviparus casaretto (Rousseau, 1842) †
Species Viviparus castrensis (Noulet, 1854) †
Species Viviparus castrogallensis Locard, 1893 †
Species Viviparus cepoides E. A. Smith, 1892
Species Viviparus cerchesi Cobălcescu, 1883 †
Species Viviparus chaetophorus Martinson, 1951 † accepted as Sinotaia chaetophora (Martinson, 1951) †
Species Viviparus chengxianensis F. Guo, 1982 †
Species Viviparus chinensis (J. E. Gray, 1833) accepted as Cipangopaludina chinensis (J. E. Gray, 1833)
Species Viviparus chui (Hsü, 1935) †
Species Viviparus chutsingensis Yen, 1935 †
Species Viviparus cibyraticus (Spratt & E. Forbes, 1847) † accepted as Staja cibyratica (Spratt & E. Forbes, 1847) †
Species Viviparus cingulatus (Matheron, 1843) †
Species Viviparus clairi Schlickum & Puisségur, 1977 †
Species Viviparus clathratus (Deshayes, 1835) †
Species Viviparus codomorphus J. H. Hartman, 2015 †
Species Viviparus cokevillensis Yen, 1954 †
Species Viviparus combesi Mongin, 1983 †
Species Viviparus concinnus J. Sowerby, 1813 †
Species Viviparus conicus Pavlović, 1903 †
Species Viviparus conicus Lubenescu & Zazuleac, 1985 † accepted as Viviparus lubenescuae Neubauer, Harzhauser, Georgopoulou, Mandic & Kroh, 2014 †
Species Viviparus conobasis Tolstikova, 1980 †
Species Viviparus conoidangustus (Pavlov, 1925) †
Species Viviparus conoideus (Mangikian, 1931) †
Species Viviparus conradi (Meek & Hayden, 1856) †
Species Viviparus contectoides (W. G. Binney, 1865) accepted as Viviparus georgianus (I. Lea, 1834)
Species Viviparus contectus (Millet, 1813)
Species Viviparus contiguus Stefanescu, 1896 †
Species Viviparus contiqus [sic] † accepted as Viviparus contiguus Stefanescu, 1896 †
Species Viviparus contiquus [sic] † accepted as Viviparus contiguus Stefanescu, 1896 †
Species Viviparus cosensis Tournouër, 1875 † accepted as Viviparus brevis gorceixi Tournouër, 1875 †
Species Viviparus cossatotensis Hill, 1888 †
Species Viviparus costae (Mousson, 1863)
Species Viviparus costatus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834) accepted as Angulyagra costata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834)
Species Viviparus couesi C. A. White, 1878 †
Species Viviparus courtelaryensis (Rollier, 1892) †
Species Viviparus covurluensis "Cobălcescu, 1882" †
Species Viviparus coxi Prashad, 1927 †
Species Viviparus coxi W. Adam, 1957 † accepted as Neothauma adami (Charig, 1970) †
Species Viviparus craiovensis (Tournouër, 1880) †
Species Viviparus crawshayi E. A. Smith, 1894 accepted as Bellamya crawshayi (E. A. Smith, 1894)
Species Viviparus cretzestiensis (Pavlov, 1925) †
Species Viviparus crickmayi Dyer, 1930 †
Species Viviparus cucestiensis Lubenescu & Zazuleac, 1985 †
Species Viviparus cumingiana B. Walker, 1919
Species Viviparus cuneatus G. I. Popov, 1965 †
Species Viviparus curtisalaricensis [sic] † accepted as Viviparus courtelaryensis (Rollier, 1892) †
Species Viviparus cvijici Pavlović, 1932 †
Species Viviparus cylindricus W. Adam, 1957 † accepted as Cleopatra adami Neiber & Glaubrecht, 2019 †
Species Viviparus cyrtomaphorus Brusina, 1874 †
Species Viviparus dacianus Lubenescu & Zazuleac, 1985 †
Species Viviparus damienensis Cobălcescu, 1883 † accepted as Viviparus murgescui Cobălcescu, 1883 †
Species Viviparus danubialis (Bourguignat, 1870)
Species Viviparus darchiaci Pavlović, 1903 †
Species Viviparus dautzenbergi Brusina, 1902 †
Species Viviparus deccanensis (J. De C. Sowerby, 1840) †
Species Viviparus dehmi Schlickum & Strauch, 1979 †
Species Viviparus deleeuwi Neubauer, Harzhauser, Georgopoulou, Mandic & Kroh, 2014 †
Species Viviparus delineata Botez, 1914 †
Species Viviparus depressus Strausz, 1942 †
Species Viviparus deshayesi Fabre-Taxy, 1959 † accepted as Viviparus deshayesianus (Matheron, 1843) †
Species Viviparus deshayesianus (Matheron, 1843) †
Species Viviparus desnoyersi (Deshayes, 1825) †
Species Viviparus dezmanianus Brusina, 1874 †
Species Viviparus dezmannianus [sic] † accepted as Viviparus dezmanianus Brusina, 1874 †
Species Viviparus dieulafaiti (Roule, 1884) †
Species Viviparus diluvianus (Kunth, 1865) †
Species Viviparus dinaporensis H. C. Ray, 1962
Species Viviparus dinici Pavlović, 1903 †
Species Viviparus dissimlis (O. F. Müller, 1774) accepted as Idiopoma dissimilis (O. F. Müller, 1774)
Species Viviparus distinguendus (Deshayes, 1862) †
Species Viviparus dordonensis (Repelin, 1902) †
Species Viviparus dresseli (Tournouër, 1875) †
Species Viviparus dubiosus Annandale, 1924 †
Species Viviparus duboisi (Mayer, 1856) †
Species Viviparus eburneus Neumayr, 1869 †
Species Viviparus edwardianus V. E. Fuchs, 1936 † accepted as Neothauma edwardianum (V. E. Fuchs, 1936) †
Species Viviparus egorlycensis Volkova, 1939 †
Species Viviparus elatior Bogachev, 1961 †
Species Viviparus elatiorpseudoturritus Bogachev, 1961 †
Species Viviparus elongatus Stevanović, 1978 † accepted as Viviparus stevanovici Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014 †
Species Viviparus elongatus (J. De C. Sowerby, 1826) † accepted as Viviparus infracretacicus Huckriede, 1967 †
Species Viviparus emerenciae W. Adam, 1959 † accepted as Potadoma emerenciae (W. Adam, 1959) †
Species Viviparus emmonsi J. Henderson, 1920 †
Species Viviparus etelkae Halaváts, 1914 †
Species Viviparus etruscus Malatesta, 1964 † accepted as Viviparus belluccii De Stefani, 1880 †
Species Viviparus euphrosinae Cobălcescu, 1883 † accepted as Viviparus alexandrieni Cobălcescu, 1883 †
Species Viviparus falconensis Lubenescu & Zazuleac, 1985 †
Species Viviparus falsani (P. Fischer, 1867) †
Species Viviparus fasciatoides Franz, 1932 †
Species Viviparus fasciatus (O. F. Müller, 1774) accepted as Viviparus viviparus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Species Viviparus ferratus (Quenstedt, 1884) †
Species Viviparus filicicostatus Gabuniya, 1953 †
Species Viviparus filosus (Reeve, 1863) accepted as Filopaludina filosa (Reeve, 1863)
Species Viviparus fluviorum Montfort, 1810 accepted as Viviparus viviparus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Species Viviparus forbesi Tournouër, 1875 † accepted as Viviparus brevis forbesi Tournouër, 1875 †
Species Viviparus formosus Meek, 1876 †
Species Viviparus frauenfeldi Le Renard, 1994 † accepted as Viviparus oulchyensis Wenz, 1919 †
Species Viviparus fuchsi Neumayr, 1872 †
Species Viviparus fusistoma Ping, 1930 †
Species Viviparus gansuensis F. Guo, 1982 †
Species Viviparus ganzhaoensis X.-H. Yu, 1987 †
Species Viviparus garwoodi L. R. Cox, 1927 †
Species Viviparus georgianus (I. Lea, 1834) accepted as Callinina georgiana (I. Lea, 1834)
Species Viviparus getianus Lubenescu & Zazuleac, 1985 †
Species Viviparus geticus (Pavlov, 1925) †
Species Viviparus gibbus (F. Sandberger, 1880) †
Species Viviparus gilli Meek & Hayden, 1865 †
Species Viviparus glaber (H. C. Lea, 1845) †
Species Viviparus glacialis (S. V. Wood, 1872) †
Species Viviparus globulosus (de Serres, 1853) †
Species Viviparus glockeri (Quenstedt, 1884) †
Species Viviparus glogovensis Stefanescu, 1896 †
Species Viviparus goodrichi Archer, 1933 accepted as Callinina goodrichi (Archer, 1933)
Species Viviparus gracilis Lörenthey, 1894 †
Species Viviparus graciosus Jekelius, 1932 †
Species Viviparus graecus T. Fuchs, 1877 †
Species Viviparus grandis Neumayr, 1875 †
Species Viviparus grangeri Ping, 1930 †
Species Viviparus grasseti (Matheron, 1878) †
Species Viviparus gravistriatus (Gümbel, 1861) †
Species Viviparus gregorianus Annandale, 1924 †
Species Viviparus hainesianus (I. Lea, 1856) accepted as Mekongia swainsoni (I. Lea, 1856)
Species Viviparus hammeri (Defrance, 1825) †
Species Viviparus hasani Prashad, 1930 †
Species Viviparus heberti Cobălcescu, 1883 †
Species Viviparus hectoris (R. Hoernes, 1876) †
Species Viviparus hellenicus (Clessin, 1879)
Species Viviparus hengshanensis H.-Z. Pan, 1979 †
Species Viviparus herbichi Neumayr, 1875 †
Species Viviparus hicksii C. A. White, 1895 †
Species Viviparus hilmendensis Kobelt, 1908 accepted as Bellamya hilmendensis (Kobelt, 1908)
Species Viviparus histricus (A. Gould, 1859) accepted as Sinotaia quadrata histrica (A. Gould, 1859)
Species Viviparus hoernesi Neumayr, 1869 †
Species Viviparus improvidus (Cossmann & Pissarro, 1905) †
Species Viviparus inaspectus (Deshayes, 1862) †
Species Viviparus incertus Macarovici, 1940 † accepted as Viviparus wesselinghi Neubauer, Harzhauser, Georgopoulou, Mandic & Kroh, 2014 †
Species Viviparus incertus T. Fuchs, 1877 †
Species Viviparus inflatus (F. Sandberger, 1870) †
Species Viviparus inflexus (Ludwig, 1865) †
Species Viviparus infracretacicus Huckriede, 1967 †
Species Viviparus inornatus W. G. Binney, 1865
Species Viviparus inornatus (Gourret, 1884) †
Species Viviparus intertextus (Say, 1829) accepted as Callinina intertexta (Say, 1829)
Species Viviparus ionicus C. A. White, 1877 †
Species Viviparus ishikariensis [sic] † accepted as Cipangopaludina isikariensis (K. Suzuki, 1941) †
Species Viviparus isikariensis K. Suzuki, 1941 † accepted as Cipangopaludina isikariensis (K. Suzuki, 1941) †
Species Viviparus istrienus (Pavlov, 1925) †
Species Viviparus jalpuchensis (Datsenko, 2007) †
Species Viviparus janinensis (Mousson, 1859)
Species Viviparus japonicus (E. von Martens, 1861) accepted as Heterogen japonica (E. von Martens, 1861)
Species Viviparus jarcae Cobălcescu, 1883 †
Species Viviparus javanicus (von dem Busch, 1844) accepted as Filopaludina javanica (von dem Busch, 1844)
Species Viviparus jepseni L. S. Russell, 1931 † accepted as Oreoconus jepseni (L. S. Russell, 1931) †
Species Viviparus jimboi K. Suzuki, 1941 † accepted as Cipangopaludina jimboi (K. Suzuki, 1941) †
Species Viviparus jingguensis H.-Z. Pan, 1977 †
Species Viviparus jucundus E. A. Smith, 1892 accepted as Bellamya constricta (E. von Martens, 1889)
Species Viviparus kagarliticus Lungershausen, 1938 †
Species Viviparus karaganicus Volkova, 1939 †
Species Viviparus kaschpurica (Pavlov, 1925) †
Species Viviparus keishoensis [sic] † accepted as Viviparus (Sinotaia) keisyoensis K. Suzuki, 1943 †
Species Viviparus kochanskyae Mandic, Kurečić, Neubauer & Harzhauser, 2015 †
Species Viviparus kolesnikovi A. A. Ali-Zade, 1967 †
Species Viviparus kosanini Pavlović, 1932 †
Species Viviparus kosasanus Ueji, 1934 † accepted as Bellamya kosasana (Ueji, 1934) †
Species Viviparus kujalnicensis (Mangikian, 1931) †
Species Viviparus kujavcensis Popović, 1971 †
Species Viviparus kurdensis Lörenthey, 1894 †
Species Viviparus kwangsiensis (Hsü, 1935) † accepted as Tulotomoides kwangsiensis (Hsü, 1935) †
Species Viviparus lacedaemoniorum Oppenheim, 1891 †
Species Viviparus langtonensis (Hudleston, 1896) † accepted as Bathonella scotica (Tate, 1873) †
Species Viviparus leai (Meek & Hayden, 1856) †
Species Viviparus lecythoides (W. H. Benson, 1842) accepted as Cipangopaludina lecythoides (W. H. Benson, 1842)
Species Viviparus leidyi (Meek & Hayden, 1856) †
Species Viviparus leiostraca Brusina, 1874 † accepted as Viviparus leiostracus Brusina, 1874 †
Species Viviparus leiostracus Brusina, 1874 †
Species Viviparus lentus (Solander, 1766) †
Species Viviparus leopoldvillensis (Putzeys, 1898) accepted as Bellamya leopoldvillensis (Putzeys, 1899)
Species Viviparus lepersonnei Gautier, 1970 † accepted as Cleopatra lepersonnei (Gautier, 1970) †
Species Viviparus levantinus Neumayr, 1876 †
Species Viviparus lhazeensis W. Yü, 1982 †
Species Viviparus liaoningensis X.-H. Yu, 1982 † accepted as Campeloma liaoningense (X.-H. Yu, 1982) †
Species Viviparus liaoxiensis X.-H. Yu, 1987 †
Species Viviparus lignitarum Neumayr, 1875 †
Species Viviparus lii (Hsü, 1935) † accepted as Tulotomoides lii (Hsü, 1935) †
Species Viviparus lilianus Popović, 1971 †
Species Viviparus limi Pilsbry, 1918 accepted as Callinina limi (Pilsbry, 1918)
Species Viviparus loczyi Halaváts, 1902 †
Species Viviparus lomejkoi Pavlović, 1932 †
Species Viviparus loxostomus (F. Sandberger, 1872) † accepted as Viviparus fuchsi Neumayr, 1872 †
Species Viviparus lubenescuae Neubauer, Harzhauser, Georgopoulou, Mandic & Kroh, 2014 †
Species Viviparus lubenescui Andreescu, 1985 † accepted as Viviparus berbestiensis Lubenescu & Zazuleac, 1985 †
Species Viviparus lungershauseni Bogachev, 1961 †
Species Viviparus lyelli Conrad, 1865 †
Species Viviparus mabutii K. Suzuki, 1941 † accepted as Bellamya mabutii (K. Suzuki, 1941) †
Species Viviparus macarovicii Lubenescu & Zazuleac, 1985 †
Species Viviparus malleatus (Reeve, 1863) accepted as Cipangopaludina malleata (Reeve, 1863)
Species Viviparus mamillatus (Küster, 1852)
Species Viviparus mammatus Stefanescu, 1889 †
Species Viviparus mandarinicus Seninski, 1905 †
Species Viviparus mangikiani Bogachev, 1961 †
Species Viviparus maracineni Cobălcescu, 1883 † accepted as Viviparus alexandrieni Cobălcescu, 1883 †
Species Viviparus margaryaeformis Mansuy, 1918 †
Species Viviparus margaryoides Annandale, 1924 accepted as Sinotaia margaryoides (Annandale, 1924)
Species Viviparus marnyanus Bogachev, 1961 †
Species Viviparus martanus Esu & Girotti, 2016 †
Species Viviparus martensi (Blanckenhorn, 1901) †
Species Viviparus marylandicus W. B. Clark, 1911 †
Species Viviparus matheroni (Deshayes, 1862) †
Species Viviparus matsumotoi [sic] † accepted as Viviparus matumotoi K. Suzuki, 1943 †
Species Viviparus matumotoi K. Suzuki, 1943 †
Species Viviparus mazuranici Brusina, 1902 †
Species Viviparus mcbridei Perrilliat & Vega, 2008 †
Species Viviparus medius (S. Woodward, 1833) †
Species Viviparus meeki Wenz, 1930 †
Species Viviparus megaloglypta Fontannes, 1884 †
Species Viviparus megarensis T. Fuchs, 1877 †
Species Viviparus mehedintzensis Lubenescu & Zazuleac, 1985 †
Species Viviparus meridionalis Bogachev, 1961 †
Species Viviparus meta E. von Martens, 1897
Species Viviparus metohiensis Pavlović, 1903 †
Species Viviparus miricus Popović, 1971 †
Species Viviparus mitzopoulosi Psarianos, 1953 †
Species Viviparus mokowanensis Tozer, 1956 †
Species Viviparus moldavicus Wenz, 1932 †
Species Viviparus monasterialis Fontannes, 1887 †
Species Viviparus monspesulanus Wenz, 1928 †
Species Viviparus montanaensis Stanton, 1903 † accepted as Reesidella montanaensis (Stanton, 1903) †
Species Viviparus morrisonensis Yen, 1952 †
Species Viviparus moskoni Lubenescu & Zazuleac, 1985 †
Species Viviparus motasi Papaianopol & Macaleț, 2004 †
Species Viviparus motruensis Stefanescu, 1896 †
Species Viviparus multicostatus (Seninski, 1905) †
Species Viviparus multilineatus (Say, 1829)
Species Viviparus murgescui Cobălcescu, 1883 †
Species Viviparus murraiensis L. S. Russell, 1932 †
Species Viviparus muscelensis (Stefanescu, 1897) †
Species Viviparus muscelensis Lubenescu & Zazuleac, 1985 † accepted as Viviparus deleeuwi Neubauer, Harzhauser, Georgopoulou, Mandic & Kroh, 2014 †
Species Viviparus mweruensis E. A. Smith, 1894 accepted as Bellamya mweruensis (E. A. Smith, 1894)
Species Viviparus nanus C. A. White, 1886 †
Species Viviparus nataliae Mikhailovsky, 1913 †
Species Viviparus neumayri Brusina, 1874 †
Species Viviparus neustruevi (Pavlov, 1925) † accepted as Viviparus achatinoides (Deshayes, 1838) †
Species Viviparus nidaga Dyer, 1930 †
Species Viviparus ningkuoensis S.-F. Chen, 1945
Species Viviparus nodosocostatus Halaváts, 1886 †
Species Viviparus nodulosus V. E. Fuchs, 1936 † accepted as Kaya nodulosus (V. E. Fuchs, 1936) †
Species Viviparus normalis (Hislop, 1860) †
Species Viviparus notha Brusina, 1874 † accepted as Viviparus nothus Brusina, 1874 †
Species Viviparus nothus Brusina, 1874 †
Species Viviparus novigentiensis (Deshayes, 1862) †
Species Viviparus novorossicus Sinzov, 1897 †
Species Viviparus novskaensis Penecke, 1884 †
Species Viviparus obliquatus (Deshayes, 1862) †
Species Viviparus obsoletus (Hsü, 1935) †
Species Viviparus omissus Bogachev, 1961 †
Species Viviparus oncophorae Rzehak, 1893 †
Species Viviparus oncophoriorum Wenz, 1928 † accepted as Viviparus oncophorae Rzehak, 1893 †
Species Viviparus oncophorus Brusina, 1874 †
Species Viviparus onogoensis T. Kobayashi & K. Suzuki, 1937 †
Species Viviparus orbicularis (J. Sowerby, 1817) †
Species Viviparus orbignyanus (Deshayes, 1862) †
Species Viviparus ornatus Neumayr, 1875 †
Species Viviparus ornatus (J. Phillips, 1871) †
Species Viviparus oulchyensis Wenz, 1919 †
Species Viviparus ovidii Bogachev, 1961 † accepted as Viviparus ovidiinasonis Bogachev, 1961 †
Species Viviparus ovidiiformis (Datsenko, 2007) †
Species Viviparus ovidiinasonis Bogachev, 1961 †
Species Viviparus ovulum Neumayr, 1875 †
Species Viviparus pachystoma (F. Sandberger, 1859) †
Species Viviparus pachystomus (F. Sandberger, 1859) † accepted as Viviparus pachystoma (F. Sandberger, 1859) †
Species Viviparus paludinaeformis (J. Hall, 1845) †
Species Viviparus panguitchensis C. A. White, 1876 †
Species Viviparus panjinensis Youluo, 1978 †
Species Viviparus pannonicus Neumayr, 1875 †
Species Viviparus pantanellii Wenz, 1919 †
Species Viviparus papaianopoli Lubenescu & Zazuleac, 1985 †
Species Viviparus parilis (S. V. Wood, 1857) †
Species Viviparus passargei E. von Martens, 1904 accepted as Bellamya capillata (Frauenfeld, 1865)
Species Viviparus pauli Brusina, 1874 †
Species Viviparus pavlovici Pavlović, 1932 †
Species Viviparus peculiaris (Meek & Hayden, 1856) †
Species Viviparus petkovici Atanacković, 1959 †
Species Viviparus petronijevici Milošević, 1972 †
Species Viviparus phasianella (O. Boettger, 1887) †
Species Viviparus phukaensis Wenz, 1928 † accepted as Viviparus brevis trochlearis Tournouër, 1875 †
Species Viviparus pilari Brusina, 1874 †
Species Viviparus pingi S.-F. Chen, 1945
Species Viviparus pipiki Neubauer & Harzhauser, 2015 †
Species Viviparus planiusculus (K. Miller, 1907) †
Species Viviparus planolatere L. S. Russell, 1926 †
Species Viviparus plicapressus C. A. White, 1876 †
Species Viviparus plicatus Popović, 1970 †
Species Viviparus pollonerae Sacco, 1884 †
Species Viviparus polytropis Lindholm, 1930 † accepted as Sinotaia polytropis (Lindholm, 1930) †
Species Viviparus popescui Cobălcescu, 1883 † accepted as Viviparus murgescui Cobălcescu, 1883 †
Subspecies Viviparus popescui popescui Cobălcescu, 1883 † accepted as Viviparus murgescui Cobălcescu, 1883 †
Subspecies Viviparus popescui tumidus Stefanescu, 1896 † accepted as Viviparus tumidus Stefanescu, 1896 †
Species Viviparus poratus G. I. Popov, 1968 †
Species Viviparus porumbarui [sic] † accepted as Vivipara porumbari Cobălcescu, 1883 †
Species Viviparus praecraiovensis [sic] † accepted as Viviparus precraiovensis Lubenescu & Zazuleac, 1985 †
Species Viviparus praecursus (Tournouër, 1879) †
Species Viviparus praeduabicus Gozhik, 2002 †
Species Viviparus prahovensis Lubenescu & Zazuleac, 1985 †
Species Viviparus precraiovensis Lubenescu & Zazuleac, 1985 †
Species Viviparus priscoperculellus H.-J. Wang, 1982 †
Species Viviparus priscus (Tausch, 1886) † accepted as Czabalaya prisca (Tausch, 1886) †
Species Viviparus proavius (Deshayes, 1862) †
Species Viviparus proserpinae Bogachev, 1961 †
Species Viviparus proserpinus [sic] † accepted as Viviparus proserpinae Bogachev, 1961 †
Species Viviparus prudentia C. A. White, 1878 †
Species Viviparus prudentius C. A. White, 1878 † accepted as Viviparus prudentia C. A. White, 1878 †
Species Viviparus prutulensis (Datsenko, 2002) †
Species Viviparus pseudoachatinoides (Pavlov, 1925) † accepted as Viviparus achatinoides (Deshayes, 1838) †
Species Viviparus pseudocarinatus B. Walker, 1919
Species Viviparus pseudodezmanianus Lubenescu & Zazuleac, 1985 †
Species Viviparus pseudogracilis Strausz, 1942 †
Species Viviparus pseudomotruensis Bogachev, 1961 †
Species Viviparus pseudoneumayri (Pavlov, 1925) †
Species Viviparus pseudorhodensis Datsenko, 2007 †
Species Viviparus pseudosadleri (Pavlov, 1925) †
Species Viviparus pseudoturritus Bogachev, 1961 †
Species Viviparus pseudovukotinovici Jekelius, 1932 †
Species Viviparus pulchriformis A. Papp, 1952 †
Species Viviparus purgatorius J. H. Hartman, 2015 †
Species Viviparus pyramis (Hislop, 1860) †
Species Viviparus qiketaiensis †
Species Viviparus quadratus (W. H. Benson, 1842) accepted as Sinotaia quadrata (W. H. Benson, 1842)
Species Viviparus quedlinburgensis (Frech, 1887) †
Species Viviparus rawesi (Hislop, 1860) †
Species Viviparus raynoldsanus Meek & Hayden, 1861 †
Species Viviparus reauvillensis (Fontannes, 1880) †
Species Viviparus recurrens Penecke, 1884 †
Species Viviparus reesidei Yen, 1952 †
Species Viviparus reticulatus Popović, 1970 †
Species Viviparus retusus (Meek & Hayden, 1856) † accepted as Bellamya retusa (Meek & Hayden, 1856) †
Species Viviparus rhodensis Bukowski, 1892 †
Species Viviparus riegensis Pacaud, 2019 †
Species Viviparus rimatus (Michaud, 1837) †
Species Viviparus robustus Brusina, 1878 †
Species Viviparus robustus Martinson, 1956 †
Species Viviparus romaloi Cobălcescu, 1883 † accepted as Viviparus achatinoides (Deshayes, 1838) †
Species Viviparus rothi Lörenthey, 1906 †
Species Viviparus rudis Neumayr, 1869 †
Species Viviparus rumanus (Tournouër, 1879) †
Species Viviparus sadleri [sic] † accepted as Viviparus sadlerianus (Stur, 1862) †
Species Viviparus sadlerianus (Stur, 1862) †
Species Viviparus salernensis (F. Sandberger, 1871) †
Species Viviparus sambesiensis Sturany, 1898
Species Viviparus sankeyi (Hislop, 1860) †
Species Viviparus scalariformis (Dunker, 1843) †
Species Viviparus schusteri (F. A. Roemer, 1839) †
Species Viviparus scoticus (Tate, 1873) † accepted as Bathonella scotica (Tate, 1873) †
Species Viviparus semicarinatus (Deshayes, 1825) †
Species Viviparus semlikiensis V. E. Fuchs, 1936 † accepted as Neothauma semlikiense (V. E. Fuchs, 1936) †
Species Viviparus semseyi Halaváts, 1902 †
Species Viviparus seninskii Wenz, 1919 † accepted as Galizgia weberi (Mikhaylovskiy, 1903) †
Species Viviparus serresi Wenz, 1928 † accepted as Viviparus angulifera (de Serres, 1851) †
Species Viviparus shouchangensis W. Yü, 1980 †
Species Viviparus sinzovi (Pavlov, 1925) †
Species Viviparus smithi Yen, 1942 accepted as Mekongia smithi (Yen, 1942)
Species Viviparus sokolovi (Pavlov, 1925) †
Species Viviparus solutus (Hislop, 1860) †
Species Viviparus soricinensis (Noulet, 1854) †
Species Viviparus souzai Mezzalira, 1974 †
Species Viviparus sphaeridius Bourguignat, 1880
Species Viviparus spratti T. Fuchs, 1877 †
Species Viviparus spuria Brusina, 1874 † accepted as Viviparus spurius Brusina, 1874 †
Species Viviparus spurius Brusina, 1874 †
Species Viviparus stefanescui Stefanescu, 1896 †
Species Viviparus stevanovici Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014 †
Species Viviparus stiriacus (Rolle, 1858) †
Species Viviparus stricturatus Neumayr, 1869 †
Species Viviparus strictus Araki, 1960 † accepted as Igapaludina stricta (Araki, 1960) †
Species Viviparus strossmayerianus Brusina, 1874 †
Species Viviparus sturi Neumayr, 1869 †
Species Viviparus subangulatus (F. A. Roemer, 1839) †
Species Viviparus subangulatus (J. Phillips, 1871) †
Species Viviparus subconcinnus (Sinzov, 1876) †
Species Viviparus subcontectus (Pavlov, 1925) †
Species Viviparus subcylindraceus (Hislop, 1860) †
Species Viviparus subglobulus X.-H. Yu, 1982 †
Species Viviparus sublentus (A. d'Orbigny, 1850) †
Species Viviparus subpurpureus (Say, 1829) accepted as Callinina subpurpurea (Say, 1829)
Species Viviparus subsphaeridius Datsenko, 2007 †
Species Viviparus subzickendrahti Bogachev, 1961 †
Species Viviparus suessi Neumayr, 1875 †
Species Viviparus suevicus Wenz, 1919 †
Species Viviparus suifuensis S.-F. Chen, 1945
Species Viviparus sukljei Jenko, 1944 †
Species Viviparus sussexiensis (J. De C. Sowerby, 1836) † accepted as Viviparus cariniferus (J. De C. Sowerby, 1826) †
Species Viviparus symeonidisi Schütt, 1986 †
Species Viviparus syzranicus (Pavlov, 1925) †
Species Viviparus takliensis (Hislop, 1860) †
Species Viviparus tanae Bogachev, 1961 †
Species Viviparus tardyanus Locard, 1883 †
Species Viviparus tasgina Dyer, 1930 †
Species Viviparus tenuisculptus (E. von Martens, 1874) † accepted as Bellamya tenuisculpta (E. von Martens, 1874) †
Species Viviparus teschi Meijer, 1990 †
Species Viviparus tetracarinatus Atanacković, 1959 †
Species Viviparus tingi Yen, 1935 †
Species Viviparus tiraspolitanus (Pavlov, 1925) †
Species Viviparus tohanensis Lubenescu & Zazuleac, 1985 †
Species Viviparus tomici Brusina, 1902 †
Species Viviparus tortus G. I. Popov, 1968 †
Species Viviparus trakanici Popović, 1970 †
Species Viviparus transitorius Stefanescu, 1889 †
Species Viviparus treffortensis Delafond & Depéret, 1893 †
Species Viviparus tricarinatus (Anton, 1838) accepted as Sinotaia angularis (O. F. Müller, 1774)
Species Viviparus tricinctus Y.-Y. Liu, W.-Z. Zhang & Y.-X. Wang, 1994 accepted as Mekongia smithi (Yen, 1942)
Species Viviparus trochlearis Tournouër, 1875 † accepted as Viviparus brevis trochlearis Tournouër, 1875 †
Species Viviparus tschepalygi Datsenko, 2007 †
Species Viviparus tuberculatus Berdnikova, 1977 †
Species Viviparus tulotomoides Yen, 1935 † accepted as Tulotomoides tulotomoides (Yen, 1935) †
Species Viviparus tumidus Stefanescu, 1896 †
Species Viviparus turanicus Maderni, 1974 †
Species Viviparus turgaicus Bogachev, 1961 †
Species Viviparus turgidus (Bielz, 1864) †
Species Viviparus turneri Hannibal, 1912 †
Species Viviparus turris L. R. Cox, 1926 † accepted as Neothauma dubium (L. R. Cox, 1926) †
Species Viviparus turritus Bogachev, 1961 † accepted as Viviparus tiraspolitanus (Pavlov, 1925) †
Species Viviparus ucrainicus Gozhik, 1978 †
Species Viviparus uniangulatus (J. Hall, 1845) †
Species Viviparus unicolor (Olivier, 1804) accepted as Bellamya unicolor (Olivier, 1804)
Species Viviparus uryuensis Yokoyama, 1932 † accepted as Bellamya uryuensis (Yokoyama, 1932) †
Species Viviparus ussuriensis (Gerstfeldt, 1859) accepted as Cipangopaludina ussuriensis (Gerstfeldt, 1859)
Species Viviparus uva (Stefanescu, 1897) †
Species Viviparus ventricosus (F. Sandberger, 1872) †
Species Viviparus victoriae E. A. Smith, 1892 accepted as Bellamya constricta (E. von Martens, 1889)
Species Viviparus viminaticus Brusina, 1902 †
Species Viviparus vinodoli F. Koch, 1922 †
Species Viviparus viquesneli (d'Archiac, 1842) †
Species Viviparus virapai (Hislop, 1860) †
Species Viviparus viviparoides (Bronn, 1848) † accepted as Viviparus hammeri (Defrance, 1825) †
Species Viviparus viviparus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Species Viviparus volgensis (Pavlov, 1925) †
Species Viviparus vukotinovicii (Frauenfeld, 1862) †
Species Viviparus walkeri Pilsbry & C. W. Johnson, 1912 accepted as Viviparus georgianus (I. Lea, 1834)
Species Viviparus waltoni Tryon, 1866 accepted as Viviparus georgianus (I. Lea, 1834)
Species Viviparus wangi Yen, 1935 † accepted as Idiopoma wangi (Yen, 1935) †
Species Viviparus wangjiashanensis H.-Z. Pan, 1982 †
Species Viviparus wapsharei (Hislop, 1860) †
Species Viviparus washingtonianus Arnold & Hannibal, 1912 †
Species Viviparus wassiacensis (Cornuel, 1874) †
Species Viviparus waylandi L. R. Cox, 1926 † accepted as Neothauma waylandi (L. R. Cox, 1926) †
Species Viviparus wealdensis Yen, 1966 †
Species Viviparus werinorum Huckriede, 1967 † accepted as Coelostylina werinorum Huckriede, 1967 †
Species Viviparus wesselinghi Neubauer, Harzhauser, Georgopoulou, Mandic & Kroh, 2014 †
Species Viviparus westoni Tozer, 1956 †
Species Viviparus wichmanni Doello-Jurado, 1922 † accepted as Lioplacodes wichmanni (Doello-Jurado, 1922) †
Species Viviparus wilhelmi Yen, 1939 accepted as Angulyagra wilhelmi (Yen, 1939)
Species Viviparus wolchonensis Martinson, 1961 †
Species Viviparus wolfi Neumayr, 1875 †
Species Viviparus wongi Yen, 1936 †
Species Viviparus woodwardi Brusina, 1885 †
Species Viviparus worthingtoni Charig, 1970 † accepted as Neothauma carinatum (V. E. Fuchs, 1936) †
Species Viviparus wyomingensis Meek, 1871 †
Species Viviparus xinglongtaiensis Youluo, 1978 †
Species Viviparus yumenensis F. Guo, 1982 †
Species Viviparus zamboangensis (Bartsch, 1907)
Species Viviparus zelebori Neumayr, 1869 †
Species Viviparus zhejiangensis W. Yü, 1980 †
Species Viviparus zilchi H. C. Ray & Roychoudhuri, 1967
Species Viviparus zsigmondyi Halaváts, 1889 †
Species Viviparus zujovici Pavlović, 1903 †
Genus Albianopalin Hamilton-Bruce, B. J. Smith & Gowlett-Holmes, 2002 † (2)
Genus Apameaus Sivan, Heller & van Damme, 2006 † (1)
Genus Bathonella Yen, 1948 † (2)
Genus Czabalaya Bandel & F. Riedel, 1994 † (2)
Genus Euxinomargarya Akhvlediani, 1957 † accepted as Viviparus Montfort, 1810
Genus Fretacaeles Hamilton-Bruce & Kear, 2006 † (1)
Genus Igapaludina Matsuoka, 1985 † (1)
Genus Kaya Van Damme & Pickford, 1999 † (1)
Genus Kwangsispira Hsü, 1935 † (2)
Genus Lioplacodes Meek, 1864 † (39)
Genus Macromargarya T. Ying, Fürsich & S. Schneider, 2013 † (1)
Genus Melantho Bowdich, 1822
Genus Paludinopsis Icke & K. Martin, 1905 † (3)
Genus Paracampeloma Hsü, 1935 † (3)
Genus Pedinopomus Bickel, 1977 † (1)
Genus Proviviparus Frese & Ponder, 2021 † (1)
Genus Rubeyella Yen, 1951 † (1)
Genus Scalez G. D. Hanna & Gaylord, 1924 † (1)
Genus Sculptopaludina Starobogatov, 1986 †
Genus Suratia Hamilton-Bruce & Kear, 2010 † (1)
Genus Tulotomoides Wenz, 1939 † (15)
Genus Viquesnelia Deshayes, 1857
Genus Viviparoides Starobogatov, 1986 † accepted as Viviparus Montfort, 1810
Genus Wealdenia Yen, 1966 † (1)
Order Caenogastropoda incertae sedis (7 677)
Order Littorinimorpha (17 189)
Order Neogastropoda (23 752)
Order Stenoglossa accepted as Neogastropoda
Subclass Gastropoda incertae sedis (309)
Subclass Heterobranchia (39 180)
Subclass Neomphaliones accepted as Vetigastropoda
Subclass Neritimorpha (1 914)
Subclass Orthogastropoda represented as Gastropoda
Subclass Patellogastropoda (511)
Subclass Prosobranchia
Subclass Psilogastropoda represented as Gastropoda
Subclass Vetigastropoda (6 783)
Class Lamellibranchiata accepted as Bivalvia
Class Loricata accepted as Polyplacophora
Class Mollusca incertae sedis † (372)
Class Monoplacophora (229)
Class Pelecypoda accepted as Bivalvia
Class Polyplacophora (1 377)
Class Polyplaxiphora accepted as Polyplacophora
Class Rostroconchia † (64)
Class Scaphopoda (752)
Class Solenoconchia accepted as Scaphopoda
Class Solenogastres (313)
Subclass Chaetodermomorpha accepted as Caudofoveata