MolluscaBase source details

Zenetos, A.; Gofas, S.; Verlaque, M.; Cinar, M.; Garcia Raso, J.; Bianchi, C.; Morri, C.; Azzurro, E.; Bilecenoglu, M.; Froglia, C.; Siokou, I.; Violanti, D.; Sfriso, A.; San Martin, G.; Giangrande, A.; Katagan, T.; Ballesteros, E.; Ramos-Espla, A.; Mastrototaro, F.; Ocana, O.; Zingone, A.; Gambi, M.; Streftaris, N. (2010). Alien species in the Mediterranean Sea by 2010. A contribution to the application of European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Part I. Spatial distribution. Mediterranean Marine Science. 11(2): 381-493.
155063
10.12681/mms.87 [view]
Zenetos, A.; Gofas, S.; Verlaque, M.; Cinar, M.; Garcia Raso, J.; Bianchi, C.; Morri, C.; Azzurro, E.; Bilecenoglu, M.; Froglia, C.; Siokou, I.; Violanti, D.; Sfriso, A.; San Martin, G.; Giangrande, A.; Katagan, T.; Ballesteros, E.; Ramos-Espla, A.; Mastrototaro, F.; Ocana, O.; Zingone, A.; Gambi, M.; Streftaris, N.
2010
Alien species in the Mediterranean Sea by 2010. A contribution to the application of European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Part I. Spatial distribution
Mediterranean Marine Science
11(2): 381-493
Publication
The state-of-art on alien species in the Mediterranean Sea is presented, making distinctions among the four subregions defined in the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive: (i) the Western Mediterranean Sea (WMED); (ii) the Central Mediterranean Sea (CMED); (iii) the Adriatic Sea (ADRIA); and (iv) the Eastern Mediterranean Sea (EMED). The updated checklist (December 2010) of marine alien species within each subregion, along with their acclimatization status and origin, is provided. A total of 955 alien species is known in the Mediterranean, the vast majority of them having being introduced in the EMED (718), less in the WMED (328) and CMED (267) and least in the Adriatic (171). Of these, 535 species (56%) are established in at least one area. Despite the collective effort of experts who attempted in this work, the number of introduced species remains probably underestimated. Excluding microalgae, for which knowledge is still insufficient, aliens have increased the total species richness of the Mediterranean Sea by 5.9%. This figure should not be directly read as an indication of higher biodiversity, as spreading of so many aliens within the basin is possibly causing biotic homogenization. Thermophilic species, i.e. Indo-Pacific, Indian Ocean, Red Sea, Tropical Atlantic, Tropical Pacific, and circum(sub)tropical, account for 88.4% of the introduced species in the EMED, 72.8% in the CMED, 59.3% in the WMED and 56.1% in the Adriatic. Cold water species, i.e. circumboreal, N Atlantic, and N Pacific, make up a small percentage of the introduced species, ranging between 4.2% and 21.6% and being more numerous in the Adriatic and less so in the EMED. Species that are classified as invasive or potentially invasive are 134 in the whole of the Mediterranean: 108 are present in the EMED, 75 in the CMED, 53 in the Adriatic and 64 in the WMED. The WMED hosts most invasive macrophytes, whereas the EMED has the lion’s share in polychaetes, crustaceans, molluscs and fish.
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Acanthopleura gemmata (Blainville, 1825) (additional source)
Acteocina crithodes (Melvill & Standen, 1901) (additional source)
Alvania dorbignyi (Audouin, 1826) (additional source)
Anadara granosa (Linnaeus, 1758) accepted as Tegillarca granosa (Linnaeus, 1758) (additional source)
Anadara kagoshimensis (Tokunaga, 1906) (additional source)
Anadara natalensis (Krauss, 1848) (additional source)
Angulus flacca [sic] accepted as Tellina (Angulus) flacca Römer, 1871 accepted as Nitidotellina lux (Hanley, 1844) (additional source)
Antigona lamellaris Schumacher, 1817 (additional source)
Atactodea glabrata (Gmelin, 1791) accepted as Atactodea striata (Gmelin, 1791) (additional source)
Atys cylindricus (Helbling, 1779) accepted as Aliculastrum cylindricum (Helbling, 1779) (additional source)
Bostrycapulus odites Collin, 2005 (additional source)
Bulla arabica Malaquias & D. Reid, 2008 (additional source)
Callista florida (Lamarck, 1818) (additional source)
Caloria indica (Bergh, 1896) (additional source)
Canarium mutabile (Swainson, 1821) (additional source)
Cantharus tranquebaricus (Gmelin, 1791) (additional source)
Cardites akabana (Sturany, 1899) accepted as Centrocardita akabana (Sturany, 1899) (additional source)
Cerithidium diplax (R. B. Watson, 1886) (additional source)
Cerithidium perparvulum (R. B. Watson, 1886) (additional source)
Cerithiopsis tenthrenois (Melvill, 1896) (additional source)
Cerithium columna G. B. Sowerby I, 1834 (additional source)
Cerithium egenum A. Gould, 1849 (additional source)
Cerithium litteratum (Born, 1778) (additional source)
Cerithium nesioticum Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1906 (additional source)
Cerithium nodulosum Bruguière, 1792 (additional source)
Chama asperella Lamarck, 1819 (additional source)
Chama aspersa Reeve, 1846, sensu Spry, 1964 accepted as Chama asperella Lamarck, 1819 (additional source)
Chama pacifica Broderip, 1835 (additional source)
Chelidonura fulvipunctata Baba, 1938 accepted as Biuve fulvipunctata (Baba, 1938) (additional source)
Chiton hululensis (E. A. Smith, 1903) accepted as Tegulaplax hululensis (E. A. Smith, 1903) (additional source)
Chromodoris annulata Eliot, 1904 accepted as Goniobranchus annulatus (Eliot, 1904) (additional source)
Chrysallida fischeri (Hornung & Mermod, 1925) accepted as Pyrgulina fischeri Hornung & Mermod, 1925 (additional source)
Chrysallida maiae (Hornung & Mermod, 1924) accepted as Pyrgulina maiae Hornung & Mermod, 1924 (additional source)
Chrysallida pirintella [sic] accepted as Pyrgulina pirinthella Melvill, 1910 (additional source)
Cingulina isseli (Tryon, 1886) (additional source)
Circe scripta (Linnaeus, 1758) (additional source)
Circenita callipyga (Born, 1778) (additional source)
Clementia papyracea (Gmelin, 1791) (additional source)
Clypeomorus bifasciatum [sic] accepted as Clypeomorus bifasciata (G. B. Sowerby II, 1855) (additional source)
Conomurex persicus (Swainson, 1821) (additional source)
Conus arenatus Hwass, 1792 (additional source)
Conus inscriptus Reeve, 1843 (additional source)
Conus rattus Hwass, 1792 (additional source)
Cuthona perca (Er. Marcus, 1958) (additional source)
Cylichnina girardi (Audouin, 1826) accepted as Ventomnestia girardi (Audouin, 1826) accepted as Mnestia girardi (Audouin, 1826) (additional source)
Dendrodoris fumata (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1830) (additional source)
Dendrostrea frons (Linnaeus, 1758) accepted as Dendostrea frons (Linnaeus, 1758) (additional source)
Diala semistriata (R. A. Philippi, 1849) (additional source)
Diodora funiculata (Reeve, 1850) (additional source)
Diodora ruppellii (G. B. Sowerby I, 1835) (additional source)
Divalinga arabica H. Dekker & Goud, 1994 (additional source)
Doxander vittatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (additional source)
Echinolittorina punctata (Gmelin, 1791) (additional source)
Electroma vexillum (Reeve, 1857) (additional source)
Elysia grandifolia Kelaart, 1858 (additional source)
Elysia tomentosa K. R. Jensen, 1997 (additional source)
Engina mendicaria (Linnaeus, 1758) (additional source)
Ensiculus cultellus (Linnaeus, 1758) (additional source)
Ergalatax contracta (Reeve, 1846) (additional source)
Ergalatax junionae Houart, 2008 (additional source)
Erosaria turdus (Lamarck, 1810) accepted as Naria turdus (Lamarck, 1810) (additional source)
Ethminolia hemprichii (Issel, 1869) (additional source)
Favorinus ghanensis Edmunds, 1968 (additional source)
Finella pupoides A. Adams, 1860 (additional source)
Flabellina rubrolineata (O'Donoghue, 1929) accepted as Coryphellina rubrolineata O'Donoghue, 1929 (additional source)
Fulvia australis (G. B. Sowerby II, 1834) (additional source)
Fusinus verrucosus (Gmelin, 1791) accepted as Marmorofusus verrucosus (Gmelin, 1791) (additional source)
Gastrochaena cymbium Spengler, 1783 accepted as Cucurbitula cymbium (Spengler, 1783) (additional source)
Glycymeris arabica (H. Adams, 1871) (additional source)
Godiva quadricolor (Barnard, 1927) (additional source)
Halgerda willeyi Eliot, 1904 (additional source)
Haliotis cruenta Reeve, 1846 accepted as Haliotis pustulata Reeve, 1846 (additional source)
Haminoea cyanomarginata Heller & T. E. Thompson, 1983 accepted as Lamprohaminoea ovalis (Pease, 1868) (additional source)
Haminoea japonica Pilsbry, 1895 accepted as Haloa japonica (Pilsbry, 1895) (additional source)
Hiatula ruppelliana (Reeve, 1857) accepted as Hiatula rosea (Gmelin, 1791) (additional source)
Hypselodoris infucata (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1830) (additional source)
Iolaea neofelixoides (Nomura, 1936) (additional source)
Laternula anatina (Linnaeus, 1758) (additional source)
Leucotina eva Thiele, 1925 (additional source)
Leucotina natalensis E. A. Smith, 1910 (additional source)
Lienardia mighelsi Iredale & Tomlin, 1917 (additional source)
Limopsis multistriata (Forsskål, 1775) accepted as Oblimopa multistriata (Forsskål, 1775) (additional source)
Littorina saxatilis (Olivi, 1792) (additional source)
Mactra lilacea Lamarck, 1818 (additional source)
Malvufundus regula (Forsskål, 1775) accepted as Malleus regula (Forsskål, 1775) (additional source)
Melibe viridis (Kelaart, 1858) (additional source)
Mercenaria mercenaria (Linnaeus, 1758) (additional source)
Metaxia bacillum (Issel, 1869) (additional source)
Modiolus auriculatus Krauss, 1848 (additional source)
Monetaria annulus (Linnaeus, 1758) (additional source)
Monotigma lauta (A. Adams, 1853) accepted as Monotygma lauta (A. Adams, 1853) (additional source)
Murchisonella columna (Hedley, 1907) (additional source)
Murex forskoehlii Röding, 1798 (additional source)
Musculista senhousia (W. H. Benson, 1842) accepted as Arcuatula senhousia (W. H. Benson, 1842) (additional source)
Mytilopsis sallei (Récluz, 1849) (additional source)
Nanostrea exigua Harry, 1985 accepted as Nanostrea pinnicola (Pagenstecher, 1877) (additional source)
Nassa situla (Reeve, 1846) (additional source)
Nassarius concinnus (Powys, 1835) (additional source)
Nassarius stolatus (Gmelin, 1791) (additional source)
Nerita sanguinolenta Menke, 1829 (additional source)
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